Klryz
Pronunciation guide: IPA symbols, stress and word endings

Vowels

iːseeɪsite / ɛbedæcat
ɑːfatherɒhot (UK)ɔːlawʊput
uːtooʌcupɜːbirdəabout
eɪdayaɪmyɔɪboyaʊnow
əʊ / oʊgo (UK / US)ɪəneareəhairʊətour

Consonants that look unusual

θthinðthisʃsheʒmeasure
tʃchurchdʒjudgeŋsingjyes

p b t d k g f v s z h m n l r w sound as in ordinary English spelling.

Marks

  • ˈ main stress, before the stressed syllable: /ˈwɔːtə/ water · ˌ lighter (secondary) stress: /ˌʌndəˈstænd/ understand
  • ː a long vowel · (r) an r said only in accents that pronounce it (most American, Scottish, Irish)

Common word endings

  • -s / -es (plurals; he/she form of verbs): /s/ after voiceless sounds (cats), /z/ after voiced (dogs), /ɪz/ after s, z, sh, ch, j sounds (buses, watches). Spelling: -es after s, x, z, ch, sh; consonant + y → -ies (city → cities).
  • -ed (past): /t/ after voiceless sounds (walked), /d/ after voiced (played), /ɪd/ after t or d (wanted). Spelling: love → loved, stop → stopped, carry → carried.
  • -ing: make → making, run → running, see → seeing.
  • Irregular: go, went, gone · be, was, been · see, saw, seen · man → men · child → children · mouse → mice.
  • Older (King James) forms: -eth = -s (he loveth = he loves) · -est with “thou” (thou lovest) · spake = spoke.

English Dictionary · 107,383 entries · Sources & licences

brat

/bɹɑt/ noun, verb, adjective

Forms brats bratting bratted

  1. noun (slang, usually negative connotation) A human child.
  2. noun (derogatory) A child who is regarded as mischievous, unruly, spoiled, or selfish. “a spoiled brat”
  3. noun (uncountable, neologism) The qualities possessed by a confident and assertive woman.
  4. noun (slang) A child (at any age) of an active member of the military or the diplomatic service. “an army brat”
  5. noun (BDSM) A submissive partner who is disobedient and unruly.
  6. noun (by extension, derogatory) An immature, spoiled and/or selfish person.
  7. noun A turbot or flatfish.
  8. noun (historical) A rough cloak or ragged garment.
  9. verb (BDSM, intransitive) To act in a bratty manner as the submissive.
  10. adjective (neologism, briefly popular in 2024, otherwise rare) Characteristic of a confident and assertive woman.
  11. noun (informal) Bratwurst.
  12. noun (mining) A thin bed of coal mixed with pyrites or carbonate of lime.

Synonyms

bairn child chit crumb cruncher crumb crusher crumb grinder crumb snatcher fry juvenile kid kiddie little one minor mini-me moppet munchkin nipper slip small fry sprog terror little terror holy terror bratwurst

Etymology

Early Modern English (c. 1500) slang term meaning "beggar's child". Possibly from Scots bratchet (“bitch, hound”), in which case it would be a doublet of brachet. Another possibility is that it was originally a dialectal word, from northern and western England and the Midlands, for a "makeshift or ragged garment," from Old English bratt (“cloak”), which is from a Celtic source (Old Irish brat (“cloak, cloth”)).
In the sense "characteristic of a confident and assertive woman", coined by English singer and songwriter Charli XCX in her 2024 album Brat, though occasional earlier uses of the word with a "reclaimed" or ironic, positive connotation existed, including in LGBTQ slang for people of certain femme or feminine-leaning personalities.

Clipping of bratwurst, from German Bratwurst.

Webster’s 1913

  1. noun A coarse garnment or cloak; also, coarse clothing, in general.
  2. noun A coarse kind of apron for keeping the clothes clean; a bib. [Prov. Eng. & Scot.] Wright.
  3. noun A thin bed of coal mixed with pyrites or carbonate of lime.

Etymology [OE. bratt coarse garnment, AS. bratt cloak, fr. the Celtic; cf. W. brat clout, rag, Gael. brat cloak, apron, raf, Ir. brat cloak; properly then, a child's bib or clout; hence, a child.]

Sources: Wiktionary · WordNet 3.0 · Webster’s 1913 — from the Wiktionary entry “brat”, CC BY-SA 4.0. Details