Klryz
Pronunciation guide: IPA symbols, stress and word endings

Vowels

iːseeɪsite / ɛbedæcat
ɑːfatherɒhot (UK)ɔːlawʊput
uːtooʌcupɜːbirdəabout
eɪdayaɪmyɔɪboyaʊnow
əʊ / oʊgo (UK / US)ɪəneareəhairʊətour

Consonants that look unusual

θthinðthisʃsheʒmeasure
tʃchurchdʒjudgeŋsingjyes

p b t d k g f v s z h m n l r w sound as in ordinary English spelling.

Marks

  • ˈ main stress, before the stressed syllable: /ˈwɔːtə/ water · ˌ lighter (secondary) stress: /ˌʌndəˈstænd/ understand
  • ː a long vowel · (r) an r said only in accents that pronounce it (most American, Scottish, Irish)

Common word endings

  • -s / -es (plurals; he/she form of verbs): /s/ after voiceless sounds (cats), /z/ after voiced (dogs), /ɪz/ after s, z, sh, ch, j sounds (buses, watches). Spelling: -es after s, x, z, ch, sh; consonant + y → -ies (city → cities).
  • -ed (past): /t/ after voiceless sounds (walked), /d/ after voiced (played), /ɪd/ after t or d (wanted). Spelling: love → loved, stop → stopped, carry → carried.
  • -ing: make → making, run → running, see → seeing.
  • Irregular: go, went, gone · be, was, been · see, saw, seen · man → men · child → children · mouse → mice.
  • Older (King James) forms: -eth = -s (he loveth = he loves) · -est with “thou” (thou lovest) · spake = spoke.

English Dictionary · 107,383 entries · Sources & licences

dudgeon

/ˈdʌd͡ʒən/ noun, proper noun

Forms dudgeons

  1. noun A feeling of anger or resentment, especially haughty indignation.
  2. noun (obsolete) A kind of wood used especially in the handles of knives; the root of the box tree.
  3. noun (obsolete) A hilt made of this wood.
  4. noun (archaic) A dagger which has a dudgeon hilt.
  5. proper noun A surname.

Synonyms

high dudgeon

Etymology

* Perhaps the same as Etymology 2, below
* Perhaps from Welsh dygen (“anger, grudge”) (from dy- + cwyn (“complaint”)), though the OED rejects this.
* Possibly from dudgen (“trash, something worthless”).
* Possibly borrowed from Italian aduggiare (“to overshadow”), similar to the semantic development of umbrage.

From Middle English dogeon, apparently from Anglo-Norman or Middle French, but the ultimate origin is obscure. Compare French douve (“stave”).

English and Scottish surname, perhaps related to the noun dudgeon (sense 1) (“kind of wood used in a hilt”). Or, from a diminutive of Dodge.

Webster’s 1913

  1. noun The root of the box tree, of which hafts for daggers were made.
  2. noun The haft of a dagger. Shak.
  3. noun Resentment; ill will; anger; displeasure.
  4. adjective Homely; rude; coarse. [Obs.]

Etymology [W. dygen anger, grudge.]

Sources: Wiktionary · WordNet 3.0 · Webster’s 1913 — from the Wiktionary entry “dudgeon”, CC BY-SA 4.0. Details