Pronunciation guide: IPA symbols, stress and word endings

θ	thin	ð	this	ʃ	she	ʒ	measure
tʃ	church	dʒ	judge	ŋ	sing	j	yes

p b t d k g f v s z h m n l r w sound as in ordinary English spelling.

ˈ main stress, before the stressed syllable: /ˈwɔːtə/ water · ˌ lighter (secondary) stress: /ˌʌndəˈstænd/ understand
ː a long vowel · (r) an r said only in accents that pronounce it (most American, Scottish, Irish)

-s / -es (plurals; he/she form of verbs): /s/ after voiceless sounds (cats), /z/ after voiced (dogs), /ɪz/ after s, z, sh, ch, j sounds (buses, watches). Spelling: -es after s, x, z, ch, sh; consonant + y → -ies (city → cities).
-ed (past): /t/ after voiceless sounds (walked), /d/ after voiced (played), /ɪd/ after t or d (wanted). Spelling: love → loved, stop → stopped, carry → carried.
-ing: make → making, run → running, see → seeing.
Irregular: go, went, gone · be, was, been · see, saw, seen · man → men · child → children · mouse → mice.
Older (King James) forms: -eth = -s (he loveth = he loves) · -est with “thou” (thou lovest) · spake = spoke.

flatten

/ˈflæ.tən/ verb

Forms flattens flattening flattened

verb (transitive) To make something flat or flatter. “As there was a lot of damage, we chose the heavy roller to flatten the pitch.”
verb (reflexive) To press one's body tightly against a surface, such as a wall or floor, especially in order to avoid being seen or harmed.
verb (transitive) To knock down or lay low. “The prize fighter quickly flattened his challenger.”
verb (intransitive) To become flat or flatter; to plateau. “Prices have flattened out.”
verb (intransitive) To be knocked down or laid low.
verb (music) To lower by a semitone.
verb To make vapid or insipid; to render stale.
verb (programming, transitive) To reduce (a data structure) to one that has fewer dimensions, e.g. a 2×2 array into a list of four elements.

Synonyms

From Flat, a.

Sources: Wiktionary · WordNet 3.0 · Webster’s 1913 — from the Wiktionary entry “flatten”, CC BY-SA 4.0. Details