Klryz
Pronunciation guide: IPA symbols, stress and word endings

Vowels

iːseeɪsite / ɛbedæcat
ɑːfatherɒhot (UK)ɔːlawʊput
uːtooʌcupɜːbirdəabout
eɪdayaɪmyɔɪboyaʊnow
əʊ / oʊgo (UK / US)ɪəneareəhairʊətour

Consonants that look unusual

θthinðthisʃsheʒmeasure
tʃchurchdʒjudgeŋsingjyes

p b t d k g f v s z h m n l r w sound as in ordinary English spelling.

Marks

  • ˈ main stress, before the stressed syllable: /ˈwɔːtə/ water · ˌ lighter (secondary) stress: /ˌʌndəˈstænd/ understand
  • ː a long vowel · (r) an r said only in accents that pronounce it (most American, Scottish, Irish)

Common word endings

  • -s / -es (plurals; he/she form of verbs): /s/ after voiceless sounds (cats), /z/ after voiced (dogs), /ɪz/ after s, z, sh, ch, j sounds (buses, watches). Spelling: -es after s, x, z, ch, sh; consonant + y → -ies (city → cities).
  • -ed (past): /t/ after voiceless sounds (walked), /d/ after voiced (played), /ɪd/ after t or d (wanted). Spelling: love → loved, stop → stopped, carry → carried.
  • -ing: make → making, run → running, see → seeing.
  • Irregular: go, went, gone · be, was, been · see, saw, seen · man → men · child → children · mouse → mice.
  • Older (King James) forms: -eth = -s (he loveth = he loves) · -est with “thou” (thou lovest) · spake = spoke.

English Dictionary · 107,383 entries · Sources & licences

foliate

UK /ˈfəʊliət/ · US /ˈfoʊliət/ adjective, noun, verb

Forms foliates foliating foliated

  1. adjective Of or relating to leaves.
  2. adjective Shaped like or otherwise resembling a leaf; leaflike.
  3. adjective (geometry) Of a curve: having two infinite branches with a common asymptote, and a leaf-shaped loop.
  4. adjective Of a plant: having leaves.
  5. adjective Of a leaf: having a (certain number of) leaflets.
  6. adjective (geology) Synonym of foliated (“of a rock: having a structure of thin layers”).
  7. adjective (obsolete) In the form of a foil or thin sheet. “foliate gold”
  8. noun (geometry) A logocyclic curve.
  9. verb To add numbers to (a folio or leaf, or all the folios or leaves, of a book); also, to add numbers to the folios or leaves of (a book); to folio, to page, to paginate.
  10. verb To spread (glass) with a thin coat of mercury and tin, or other substances forming a foil, to create a mirror; to foil, to silver. “to foliate a looking-glass”
  11. verb (architecture) To decorate (an architectural feature, as an arch or window) with foils (“small arcs in the traceries of arches, windows, etc.”).
  12. verb (obsolete) To beat (metal) into a foil or thin sheet.
  13. verb To split into layers or leaves.
  14. verb (botany) Of a plant: to produce leaves.

Synonyms

foliar foliaceous leaf-shaped leafy leaved foliated paginate page

Antonyms

nonfoliate aphyllous

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin foliātus (“having leaves, leafy, leaved”) (see -ate (adjective-forming suffix)), a participial adjective derived from folium (“leaf; (Late Latin) leaf or sheet of paper”) + -ātus (participial adjective-forming suffix) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *bʰleh₃- (“blossom, flower”) or *dʰelh₁- (“to be green”)).

From a substantivation of the above adjective. Equivalent to folia + -ate (noun-forming suffix).

From Latin folium (“leaf”) + -ate (verb-forming suffix) (more at etymology 1)

Webster’s 1913

  1. adjective Furnished with leaves; leafy; as, a foliate stalk. Foliate curve. (Geom.) Same as Folium.
  2. verb To beat into a leaf, or thin plate. Bacon.
  3. verb To spread over with a thin coat of tin and quicksilver; as, to foliate a looking-glass.

Etymology [L. foliatus leaved, leafy, fr. folium leaf. See Foliage.]

Sources: Wiktionary · WordNet 3.0 · Webster’s 1913 — from the Wiktionary entry “foliate”, CC BY-SA 4.0. Details