Klryz
Pronunciation guide: IPA symbols, stress and word endings

Vowels

iːseeɪsite / ɛbedæcat
ɑːfatherɒhot (UK)ɔːlawʊput
uːtooʌcupɜːbirdəabout
eɪdayaɪmyɔɪboyaʊnow
əʊ / oʊgo (UK / US)ɪəneareəhairʊətour

Consonants that look unusual

θthinðthisʃsheʒmeasure
tʃchurchdʒjudgeŋsingjyes

p b t d k g f v s z h m n l r w sound as in ordinary English spelling.

Marks

  • ˈ main stress, before the stressed syllable: /ˈwɔːtə/ water · ˌ lighter (secondary) stress: /ˌʌndəˈstænd/ understand
  • ː a long vowel · (r) an r said only in accents that pronounce it (most American, Scottish, Irish)

Common word endings

  • -s / -es (plurals; he/she form of verbs): /s/ after voiceless sounds (cats), /z/ after voiced (dogs), /ɪz/ after s, z, sh, ch, j sounds (buses, watches). Spelling: -es after s, x, z, ch, sh; consonant + y → -ies (city → cities).
  • -ed (past): /t/ after voiceless sounds (walked), /d/ after voiced (played), /ɪd/ after t or d (wanted). Spelling: love → loved, stop → stopped, carry → carried.
  • -ing: make → making, run → running, see → seeing.
  • Irregular: go, went, gone · be, was, been · see, saw, seen · man → men · child → children · mouse → mice.
  • Older (King James) forms: -eth = -s (he loveth = he loves) · -est with “thou” (thou lovest) · spake = spoke.

English Dictionary · 107,383 entries · Sources & licences

fulminate

/ˈfʌlmɪneɪt/ verb, noun

Forms fulminates fulminating fulminated

  1. verb (intransitive, figuratively) To make a verbal attack.
  2. verb (transitive, figuratively) To issue as a denunciation.
  3. verb (intransitive) To thunder or make a loud noise.
  4. verb (transitive, now rare) To strike with lightning; to cause to explode.
  5. verb (figurative) to act as lightning, appearing quickly and destructively
  6. noun (chemistry) Any salt or ester of fulminic acid, mostly explosive.

Synonyms

berate condemn criticize denounce denunciate vilify rail

Etymology

Inherited from Middle English fulminaten, borrowed from Latin fulminātus, perfect passive participle of fulminō (“to lighten, hurl or strike with lightning”) (see -ate (verb-forming suffix)), from fulmen (“lightning which strikes and sets on fire, thunderbolt”), from earlier *fulgmen, *fulgimen, from fulgeō, fulgō (“flash, lighten”). Doublet of fulmine. More at fulgent.

From fulminic acid + -ate (“salt or ester”). By surface analysis, fulmine + -ate.

Webster’s 1913

  1. verb To thunder; hence, to make a loud, sudden noise; to detonate; to explode with a violent report.
  2. verb To issue or send forth decrees or censures with the assumption of supreme authority; to thunder forth menaces.
  3. verb To cause to explode. Sprat.
  4. verb To utter or send out with denunciations or censures; --said especially of menaces or censures uttered by ecclesiastical authority.

Etymology [L. fulminatus, p. p. of fulminare to lighten, strike with lightning, fr. fulmen thunderbolt, fr. fulgere to shine. See Fulgent, and cf. Fulmine.]

Etymology [Cf. P. fulminate. See Fulminate, v. i.]

Sources: Wiktionary · WordNet 3.0 · Webster’s 1913 — from the Wiktionary entry “fulminate”, CC BY-SA 4.0. Details