Klryz
Pronunciation guide: IPA symbols, stress and word endings

Vowels

iːseeɪsite / ɛbedæcat
ɑːfatherɒhot (UK)ɔːlawʊput
uːtooʌcupɜːbirdəabout
eɪdayaɪmyɔɪboyaʊnow
əʊ / oʊgo (UK / US)ɪəneareəhairʊətour

Consonants that look unusual

θthinðthisʃsheʒmeasure
tʃchurchdʒjudgeŋsingjyes

p b t d k g f v s z h m n l r w sound as in ordinary English spelling.

Marks

  • ˈ main stress, before the stressed syllable: /ˈwɔːtə/ water · ˌ lighter (secondary) stress: /ˌʌndəˈstænd/ understand
  • ː a long vowel · (r) an r said only in accents that pronounce it (most American, Scottish, Irish)

Common word endings

  • -s / -es (plurals; he/she form of verbs): /s/ after voiceless sounds (cats), /z/ after voiced (dogs), /ɪz/ after s, z, sh, ch, j sounds (buses, watches). Spelling: -es after s, x, z, ch, sh; consonant + y → -ies (city → cities).
  • -ed (past): /t/ after voiceless sounds (walked), /d/ after voiced (played), /ɪd/ after t or d (wanted). Spelling: love → loved, stop → stopped, carry → carried.
  • -ing: make → making, run → running, see → seeing.
  • Irregular: go, went, gone · be, was, been · see, saw, seen · man → men · child → children · mouse → mice.
  • Older (King James) forms: -eth = -s (he loveth = he loves) · -est with “thou” (thou lovest) · spake = spoke.

English Dictionary · 107,383 entries · Sources & licences

galvanize

/ˈɡælvənaɪ̯z/ verb

Forms galvanizes galvanizing galvanized galvanise

  1. verb (loosely, dated) To coat with a layer of metal by electrochemical means.
  2. verb (usually) To coat with a layer of zinc (for rust resistance) by electrochemical means. “We then galvanize the steel so that the zinc coating will sacrificially take the corrosion for many years.”
  3. verb (figurative) To shock or stimulate into sudden activity, as if by electric shock. “The girl’s picture helped galvanize public opinion against the administration’s policy.”
  4. verb (archaic) To electrify, as by galvanism.
  5. verb (historical, US) To switch sides between Union and Confederate in the American Civil War.

Synonyms

electrogalvanize electroplate zinc animate electrify startle urge awaken enflame enkindle enthrill exagitate excite exhilarate exsuscitate fillip fire fire the blood gin up ignite galvanise

Etymology

Learned borrowing from French galvaniser. By surface analysis, galvano- + -ize. Named after Italian physiologist Luigi Aloisio Galvani (1737–1798).

Webster’s 1913

  1. verb To affect with galvanism; to subject to the action of electrical currents.
  2. verb To plate, as with gold, silver, etc., by means of electricity.

Etymology [Cf. F. galvaniser.]

Sources: Wiktionary · WordNet 3.0 · Webster’s 1913 — from the Wiktionary entry “galvanize”, CC BY-SA 4.0. Details