Klryz
Pronunciation guide: IPA symbols, stress and word endings

Vowels

iːseeɪsite / ɛbedæcat
ɑːfatherɒhot (UK)ɔːlawʊput
uːtooʌcupɜːbirdəabout
eɪdayaɪmyɔɪboyaʊnow
əʊ / oʊgo (UK / US)ɪəneareəhairʊətour

Consonants that look unusual

θthinðthisʃsheʒmeasure
tʃchurchdʒjudgeŋsingjyes

p b t d k g f v s z h m n l r w sound as in ordinary English spelling.

Marks

  • ˈ main stress, before the stressed syllable: /ˈwɔːtə/ water · ˌ lighter (secondary) stress: /ˌʌndəˈstænd/ understand
  • ː a long vowel · (r) an r said only in accents that pronounce it (most American, Scottish, Irish)

Common word endings

  • -s / -es (plurals; he/she form of verbs): /s/ after voiceless sounds (cats), /z/ after voiced (dogs), /ɪz/ after s, z, sh, ch, j sounds (buses, watches). Spelling: -es after s, x, z, ch, sh; consonant + y → -ies (city → cities).
  • -ed (past): /t/ after voiceless sounds (walked), /d/ after voiced (played), /ɪd/ after t or d (wanted). Spelling: love → loved, stop → stopped, carry → carried.
  • -ing: make → making, run → running, see → seeing.
  • Irregular: go, went, gone · be, was, been · see, saw, seen · man → men · child → children · mouse → mice.
  • Older (King James) forms: -eth = -s (he loveth = he loves) · -est with “thou” (thou lovest) · spake = spoke.

English Dictionary · 107,383 entries · Sources & licences

ingrain

/ɪŋˈɡɹeɪn/ verb, adjective, noun

Forms ingrains ingraining ingrained engrain

  1. verb (transitive) To dye with a fast or lasting colour.
  2. verb (transitive, figuratively) To make (something) deeply part of something else. “The dirt was deeply ingrained in the carpet.”
  3. adjective Dyed with grain, or kermes.
  4. adjective Dyed before manufacture; said of the material of a textile fabric.
  5. adjective (figurative, by extension) Thoroughly inwrought; forming an essential part of the substance.
  6. noun An ingrain fabric, such as a carpet.

Synonyms

breed in the bone embed infix instill radicate grain impress

Etymology

Inherited from Middle English engreynen, from the French phrase en grain; reinforced by the phrase (dyed) in grain. See grain.

Webster’s 1913

  1. adjective Dyed with grain, or kermes. [Obs.]
  2. adjective Dyed before manufacture, --said of the material of a textile fabric; hence, in general, thoroughly inwrought; forming an essential part of the substance. Ingrain carpet, a double or two-ply carpet.
  3. noun An ingrain fabric, as a carpet.
  4. verb To dye with or in grain or kermes.

Etymology [Pref. in- in + grain kermes. See Engrain, Grain.]

Etymology [Written also engrain.]

Sources: Wiktionary · WordNet 3.0 · Webster’s 1913 — from the Wiktionary entry “ingrain”, CC BY-SA 4.0. Details