Klryz
Pronunciation guide: IPA symbols, stress and word endings

Vowels

iːseeɪsite / ɛbedæcat
ɑːfatherɒhot (UK)ɔːlawʊput
uːtooʌcupɜːbirdəabout
eɪdayaɪmyɔɪboyaʊnow
əʊ / oʊgo (UK / US)ɪəneareəhairʊətour

Consonants that look unusual

θthinðthisʃsheʒmeasure
tʃchurchdʒjudgeŋsingjyes

p b t d k g f v s z h m n l r w sound as in ordinary English spelling.

Marks

  • ˈ main stress, before the stressed syllable: /ˈwɔːtə/ water · ˌ lighter (secondary) stress: /ˌʌndəˈstænd/ understand
  • ː a long vowel · (r) an r said only in accents that pronounce it (most American, Scottish, Irish)

Common word endings

  • -s / -es (plurals; he/she form of verbs): /s/ after voiceless sounds (cats), /z/ after voiced (dogs), /ɪz/ after s, z, sh, ch, j sounds (buses, watches). Spelling: -es after s, x, z, ch, sh; consonant + y → -ies (city → cities).
  • -ed (past): /t/ after voiceless sounds (walked), /d/ after voiced (played), /ɪd/ after t or d (wanted). Spelling: love → loved, stop → stopped, carry → carried.
  • -ing: make → making, run → running, see → seeing.
  • Irregular: go, went, gone · be, was, been · see, saw, seen · man → men · child → children · mouse → mice.
  • Older (King James) forms: -eth = -s (he loveth = he loves) · -est with “thou” (thou lovest) · spake = spoke.

English Dictionary · 107,383 entries · Sources & licences

instrumental

/ɪnstɹəˈmɛntəl/ adjective, noun

Forms instrumentals

  1. adjective Essential or central; of great importance or relevance. “He was instrumental in conducting the business.”
  2. adjective Serving as an instrument, medium, means, or agency.
  3. adjective (music) Pertaining to, made by, or prepared for an instrument, especially a musical instrument (rather than the human voice). “instrumental music”
  4. adjective (grammar) Of or relating to a case expressing means or agency, generally corresponding to the English use of prepositions such as by, with, through, or by means of with the objective case. “the instrumental case”
  5. noun (grammar) The instrumental case.
  6. noun (music) A composition written or performed without lyrics or singing, using a lead instrument to replace vocals.
  7. noun (music) A pause in the vocals of a song, usually occurring midway through, in which a musical instrument replaces the vocals.

Synonyms

implemental subservient

Antonyms

noninstrumental vocal

Etymology

From Middle English instrumental, instrumentale, from Medieval Latin īnstrūmentālis, equivalent to instrument + -al.

Webster’s 1913

  1. adjective Acting as an instrument; serving as a means; contributing to promote; conductive; helpful; serviceable; as, he was instrumental in conducting the business.
  2. adjective Pertaining to, made by, or prepared for, an instrument, esp. a musical instrument; as, instrumental music, distinguished from vocal music. "He defended the use of instrumental music in public worship." Macaulay.

Etymology [Cf. F. instrumental.]

Sources: Wiktionary · WordNet 3.0 · Webster’s 1913 — from the Wiktionary entry “instrumental”, CC BY-SA 4.0. Details

Sanskrit

Sanskrit dictionary entries whose meaning includes “instrumental” (best matches first).

All 17 Sanskrit matches →