Klryz
Pronunciation guide: IPA symbols, stress and word endings

Vowels

iːseeɪsite / ɛbedæcat
ɑːfatherɒhot (UK)ɔːlawʊput
uːtooʌcupɜːbirdəabout
eɪdayaɪmyɔɪboyaʊnow
əʊ / oʊgo (UK / US)ɪəneareəhairʊətour

Consonants that look unusual

θthinðthisʃsheʒmeasure
tʃchurchdʒjudgeŋsingjyes

p b t d k g f v s z h m n l r w sound as in ordinary English spelling.

Marks

  • ˈ main stress, before the stressed syllable: /ˈwɔːtə/ water · ˌ lighter (secondary) stress: /ˌʌndəˈstænd/ understand
  • ː a long vowel · (r) an r said only in accents that pronounce it (most American, Scottish, Irish)

Common word endings

  • -s / -es (plurals; he/she form of verbs): /s/ after voiceless sounds (cats), /z/ after voiced (dogs), /ɪz/ after s, z, sh, ch, j sounds (buses, watches). Spelling: -es after s, x, z, ch, sh; consonant + y → -ies (city → cities).
  • -ed (past): /t/ after voiceless sounds (walked), /d/ after voiced (played), /ɪd/ after t or d (wanted). Spelling: love → loved, stop → stopped, carry → carried.
  • -ing: make → making, run → running, see → seeing.
  • Irregular: go, went, gone · be, was, been · see, saw, seen · man → men · child → children · mouse → mice.
  • Older (King James) forms: -eth = -s (he loveth = he loves) · -est with “thou” (thou lovest) · spake = spoke.

English Dictionary · 107,383 entries · Sources & licences

Irish

/ˈaɪɹɪʃ/ proper noun, noun, adjective

Forms Irishes

  1. proper noun (uncountable) The Gaelic language indigenous to Ireland, also known as Irish Gaelic. “Irish is the first official and national language of Ireland.”
  2. proper noun (as plural) The Irish people. “Many Irish are actually dark-haired as a result of the many invaders and migrants over the centuries.”
  3. proper noun A surname originating as an ethnonym.
  4. proper noun A female given name of chiefly Philippine usage.
  5. noun (uncountable, obsolete) A board game of the tables family.
  6. noun (uncountable, US) Temper; anger, passion.
  7. noun (countable, uncountable) Whiskey, or whisky, elaborated in Ireland.
  8. adjective Pertaining to or originating from Ireland or the Irish people. “Sheep are typical in the Irish landscape.”
  9. adjective Pertaining to the Irish language.

Synonyms

Irish people Irish whiskey Irish whisky Irish Gaelic

Etymology

From Middle English Irish (12th c.), from Old English *Īrisċ, from Old English Īras (“Irishmen”), from Old Norse Írar, from Old Irish Ériu (modern Irish Éire (“Ireland”)), further origin heavily debated but probably from Proto-Celtic *Φīweriyū (“fat land, fertile”), from Proto-Indo-European *péyh₂wr̥ (“fat, swelling”), from *peyh₂- (“to swell; to be fat”), akin to Ancient Greek πῑ́ειρα (pī́eira, “fertile land”), Sanskrit पीव॑री (pī́varī, “fat”).

Webster’s 1913

  1. adjective Of or pertaining to Ireland or to its inhabitants; produced in Ireland. Irish elk. (Zoöl.) See under Elk.
  2. noun pl.
  3. noun The natives or inhabitants of Ireland, esp. the Celtic natives or their descendants.

Etymology [AS. , fr. the Irish. Cf. Aryan, Erse.]

Sources: Wiktionary · WordNet 3.0 · Webster’s 1913 — from the Wiktionary entry “Irish”, CC BY-SA 4.0. Details