Klryz
Pronunciation guide: IPA symbols, stress and word endings

Vowels

iːseeɪsite / ɛbedæcat
ɑːfatherɒhot (UK)ɔːlawʊput
uːtooʌcupɜːbirdəabout
eɪdayaɪmyɔɪboyaʊnow
əʊ / oʊgo (UK / US)ɪəneareəhairʊətour

Consonants that look unusual

θthinðthisʃsheʒmeasure
tʃchurchdʒjudgeŋsingjyes

p b t d k g f v s z h m n l r w sound as in ordinary English spelling.

Marks

  • ˈ main stress, before the stressed syllable: /ˈwɔːtə/ water · ˌ lighter (secondary) stress: /ˌʌndəˈstænd/ understand
  • ː a long vowel · (r) an r said only in accents that pronounce it (most American, Scottish, Irish)

Common word endings

  • -s / -es (plurals; he/she form of verbs): /s/ after voiceless sounds (cats), /z/ after voiced (dogs), /ɪz/ after s, z, sh, ch, j sounds (buses, watches). Spelling: -es after s, x, z, ch, sh; consonant + y → -ies (city → cities).
  • -ed (past): /t/ after voiceless sounds (walked), /d/ after voiced (played), /ɪd/ after t or d (wanted). Spelling: love → loved, stop → stopped, carry → carried.
  • -ing: make → making, run → running, see → seeing.
  • Irregular: go, went, gone · be, was, been · see, saw, seen · man → men · child → children · mouse → mice.
  • Older (King James) forms: -eth = -s (he loveth = he loves) · -est with “thou” (thou lovest) · spake = spoke.

English Dictionary · 107,383 entries · Sources & licences

jack up

verb

Forms jacks up jacking up jacked up

  1. verb To raise, hoist, or lift a thing using a jack, or similar means. “He jacked the car up to change the tire”
  2. verb (informal) To raise, increase, or accelerate; often said of prices, fees, or rates. “I can't believe they're going to jack up the price of gasoline again — and after they already raised it twenty cents a gallon!”
  3. verb (colloquial) To ruin; wreck; mess up; screw up; sometimes as a bowdlerized substitution for fuck up. “I'm not letting him use my computer again; he always jacks it up.”
  4. verb (obsolete, transitive and intransitive, dialect, West Country and Australia) To give up; to abandon (something, e.g. a job, contract)
  5. verb (New Zealand) To organise something.
  6. verb (basketball, colloquial) To shoot, especially in the context of a poor shot opportunity.
  7. verb (slang, transitive) To improve or embellish on (something). “I jacked up the recipes with some fresh ingredients.”
  8. verb (informal) To refuse to follow an order.

Synonyms

jig up throw up chuck up discontinue jack in jack

Etymology

* Sense of “hoist with a jack” is from 1885; then, “increase prices, etc.” (1904, American English); both ultimately from noun jack (“mechanical device used to raise heavy objects”)
* “Screw up, mess up” sense derived from, or influenced by fuck up, as a bowdlerization; also possibly influenced by jacked up (“high, intoxicated”)
* First dialectal idiomatic meaning: “abandon, give up” (1873), possibly a corruption of chuck up, as chuck up the sponge (“give up, concede, give token of submission”)

Sources: Wiktionary · WordNet 3.0 — from the Wiktionary entry “jack up”, CC BY-SA 4.0. Details