Klryz
Pronunciation guide: IPA symbols, stress and word endings

Vowels

iːseeɪsite / ɛbedæcat
ɑːfatherɒhot (UK)ɔːlawʊput
uːtooʌcupɜːbirdəabout
eɪdayaɪmyɔɪboyaʊnow
əʊ / oʊgo (UK / US)ɪəneareəhairʊətour

Consonants that look unusual

θthinðthisʃsheʒmeasure
tʃchurchdʒjudgeŋsingjyes

p b t d k g f v s z h m n l r w sound as in ordinary English spelling.

Marks

  • ˈ main stress, before the stressed syllable: /ˈwɔːtə/ water · ˌ lighter (secondary) stress: /ˌʌndəˈstænd/ understand
  • ː a long vowel · (r) an r said only in accents that pronounce it (most American, Scottish, Irish)

Common word endings

  • -s / -es (plurals; he/she form of verbs): /s/ after voiceless sounds (cats), /z/ after voiced (dogs), /ɪz/ after s, z, sh, ch, j sounds (buses, watches). Spelling: -es after s, x, z, ch, sh; consonant + y → -ies (city → cities).
  • -ed (past): /t/ after voiceless sounds (walked), /d/ after voiced (played), /ɪd/ after t or d (wanted). Spelling: love → loved, stop → stopped, carry → carried.
  • -ing: make → making, run → running, see → seeing.
  • Irregular: go, went, gone · be, was, been · see, saw, seen · man → men · child → children · mouse → mice.
  • Older (King James) forms: -eth = -s (he loveth = he loves) · -est with “thou” (thou lovest) · spake = spoke.

English Dictionary · 107,383 entries · Sources & licences

lather

UK /ˈlɑː.ðə/ · US /ˈlæð.ɚ/ noun, verb

Forms lathers lathering lathered

  1. noun (countable, uncountable) The foam made by rapidly stirring soap and water.
  2. noun (countable, uncountable) Foam from profuse sweating, as of a horse.
  3. noun (countable) A state of agitation.
  4. verb (transitive) To cover with lather. “I lathered my body with lavender-scented soap.”
  5. verb (transitive) To beat or whip.
  6. verb (intransitive) To form lather or froth, as a horse does when profusely sweating.

Synonyms

suds soap suds spume foam froth soapsuds fret stew sweat swither flog welt whip lash slash strap trounce soap

Etymology

From Middle English lather, from Old English lēaþor (“a kind of nitre used for soap, soda”), from Proto-West Germanic *lauþr, from Proto-Germanic *lauþrą (“that which is used for washing, soap”), from Proto-Indo-European *lówh₃trom (“that which is used for washing”), from *lewh₃-, *lowh₃- (“to wash, bathe”). Cognate with Swedish lödder (“lather, foam, froth, soap”), Icelandic löður (“foam, froth, a kind of niter used for soap”), Old Irish loathar (“wash-basin”), Ancient Greek λουτρόν (loutrón, “a bath, wash-room”), Latin lavō (“to wash”), Albanian laj (“to wash”), Ancient Greek λούω (loúō). More at lye.
Compare typologically Russian мы́ло (mýlo) (a nomen instrumenti of мыть (mytʹ)).

From Middle English letheren, from Old English līeþran, from Proto-West Germanic *lauþrijan, from Proto-Germanic *lauþrijaną (“to soap, wash”). Cognate with Old Norse leyðra (“to wash, lather”).

Webster’s 1913

  1. noun Foam or froth made by soap moistened with water.
  2. noun Foam from profuse sweating, as of a horse.
  3. verb To spread over with lather; as, to lather the face.
  4. verb To form lather, or a froth like lather; to accumulate foam from profuse sweating, as a horse.

Etymology [AS. leáedhor niter, in leáedhorwyrt soapwort; cf. Icel. lau; perh. akin to E. lye.]

Etymology [AS. leedhrian to lather, anoint. See Lather, n.]

Sources: Wiktionary · WordNet 3.0 · Webster’s 1913 — from the Wiktionary entry “lather”, CC BY-SA 4.0. Details