Klryz
Pronunciation guide: IPA symbols, stress and word endings

Vowels

iːseeɪsite / ɛbedæcat
ɑːfatherɒhot (UK)ɔːlawʊput
uːtooʌcupɜːbirdəabout
eɪdayaɪmyɔɪboyaʊnow
əʊ / oʊgo (UK / US)ɪəneareəhairʊətour

Consonants that look unusual

θthinðthisʃsheʒmeasure
tʃchurchdʒjudgeŋsingjyes

p b t d k g f v s z h m n l r w sound as in ordinary English spelling.

Marks

  • ˈ main stress, before the stressed syllable: /ˈwɔːtə/ water · ˌ lighter (secondary) stress: /ˌʌndəˈstænd/ understand
  • ː a long vowel · (r) an r said only in accents that pronounce it (most American, Scottish, Irish)

Common word endings

  • -s / -es (plurals; he/she form of verbs): /s/ after voiceless sounds (cats), /z/ after voiced (dogs), /ɪz/ after s, z, sh, ch, j sounds (buses, watches). Spelling: -es after s, x, z, ch, sh; consonant + y → -ies (city → cities).
  • -ed (past): /t/ after voiceless sounds (walked), /d/ after voiced (played), /ɪd/ after t or d (wanted). Spelling: love → loved, stop → stopped, carry → carried.
  • -ing: make → making, run → running, see → seeing.
  • Irregular: go, went, gone · be, was, been · see, saw, seen · man → men · child → children · mouse → mice.
  • Older (King James) forms: -eth = -s (he loveth = he loves) · -est with “thou” (thou lovest) · spake = spoke.

English Dictionary · 107,383 entries · Sources & licences

lave

/leɪv/ verb, noun, adjective

Forms laves laving laved lavest lavedst laveth lafe laif law

  1. verb To bathe or wash (someone or something).
  2. verb Of a river or other water body: to flow along or past (a place or thing); to wash.
  3. verb Followed by into, on, or upon: to pour (water or some other liquid) with or as if with a ladle into or on someone or something; to lade, to ladle.
  4. verb To remove (something), as if by washing away with water.
  5. verb To surround or gently touch (someone or something), as if with water.
  6. verb Chiefly in sexual contexts: to lick (someone or something).
  7. verb (archaic or obsolete) Followed by out or up: to draw or scoop (water) out of something with a bucket, scoop, etc.; specifically, to bail (water) out of a boat.
  8. verb (reflexive) To bathe or wash.
  9. noun An act of bathing or washing; a bath or bathe, a wash.
  10. noun (rare, also figurative) The sea.
  11. noun That which is left over; a remainder, a remnant, the rest.
  12. noun (rare) A relict, a widow.
  13. adjective (obsolete) Chiefly in lave ears: of ears: drooping, hanging down.
  14. verb (intransitive, obsolete, rare) Of ears: to droop, to hang down.

Synonyms

residue leavings leftover ort relic remainder remains remanent remnant residuum rest rump lap wash wash up

Etymology

The verb is derived from Middle English laven (“to bathe, wash; to bail or draw water, drain, exhaust; to dampen, wet; to pour; of water, etc.: to flow, stream”), and then partly:
* from Old French laver (“to be washed; to wash”) (modern French laver (“to wash (oneself)”)), from Latin lavāre, the present active infinitive of lavō (“to bathe, wash; to dampen, wet”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *lewh₃- (“to wash”); and
* from Old English lafian (“to bathe; to make wet; to ladle out; to pour”), from Proto-West Germanic *labōn (“to refresh, revitalize; to strengthen”); further etymology uncertain, possibly from Latin lavō (see above) but this does not explain the change in meaning from “to wash; to wet” to “to refresh; to strengthen”. Perhaps Old English lafian is derived directly from the Latin word, and Proto-West Germanic *labōn and words in languages derived from it such as Dutch and German are coincidentally similar to the Old English word.
The noun is derived from the verb.

From Northern Middle English lave, Middle English love, Early Middle English lafe (“remainder, rest; legacy; relict, widow”), from Old English lāf (“remainder, rest; heirloom; legacy; relict, widow”), from Proto-West Germanic *laibu (“remainder”), from Proto-Germanic *laibō (“remainder, remnant”), from *lībaną (“to be left, to remain”), probably from Proto-Indo-European *leyp- (“to stick; fat or sticky substance”). Doublet of belive (“(obsolete except UK, dialectal) to remain, stay”).
* Old English belīfan (“to remain”)
* Old High German leiba (“to lave”)
* Old Norse leif (“to lave”)

The adjective is from Middle English lave (“of the ears: drooping, hanging down”), from Old Norse lafa, from Proto-Germanic *labēn- (“to dangle”), from Proto-Indo-European *leb- (“to hang down loosely (?)”).
The verb is probably derived from the adjective.

Webster’s 1913

  1. verb To wash; to bathe; as, to lave a bruise.
  2. verb To bathe; to wash one's self.
  3. verb To lade, dip, or pour out. [Obs.] Dryden.
  4. noun The remainder; others. [Scot.] Bp. Hall.

Etymology [F. laver, L. lavare, akin to luere to wash, Gr. Ablution, Deluge, Lavender, Lava, Lotion.]

Etymology [OE. laven. See Lavish.]

Sources: Wiktionary · WordNet 3.0 · Webster’s 1913 — from the Wiktionary entry “lave”, CC BY-SA 4.0. Details