Klryz
Pronunciation guide: IPA symbols, stress and word endings

Vowels

iːseeɪsite / ɛbedæcat
ɑːfatherɒhot (UK)ɔːlawʊput
uːtooʌcupɜːbirdəabout
eɪdayaɪmyɔɪboyaʊnow
əʊ / oʊgo (UK / US)ɪəneareəhairʊətour

Consonants that look unusual

θthinðthisʃsheʒmeasure
tʃchurchdʒjudgeŋsingjyes

p b t d k g f v s z h m n l r w sound as in ordinary English spelling.

Marks

  • ˈ main stress, before the stressed syllable: /ˈwɔːtə/ water · ˌ lighter (secondary) stress: /ˌʌndəˈstænd/ understand
  • ː a long vowel · (r) an r said only in accents that pronounce it (most American, Scottish, Irish)

Common word endings

  • -s / -es (plurals; he/she form of verbs): /s/ after voiceless sounds (cats), /z/ after voiced (dogs), /ɪz/ after s, z, sh, ch, j sounds (buses, watches). Spelling: -es after s, x, z, ch, sh; consonant + y → -ies (city → cities).
  • -ed (past): /t/ after voiceless sounds (walked), /d/ after voiced (played), /ɪd/ after t or d (wanted). Spelling: love → loved, stop → stopped, carry → carried.
  • -ing: make → making, run → running, see → seeing.
  • Irregular: go, went, gone · be, was, been · see, saw, seen · man → men · child → children · mouse → mice.
  • Older (King James) forms: -eth = -s (he loveth = he loves) · -est with “thou” (thou lovest) · spake = spoke.

English Dictionary · 107,383 entries · Sources & licences

lawn

/lɔːn/ noun, verb, proper noun

Forms lawns lawning lawned

  1. noun Ground (generally in front of or around a house) covered with grass kept closely mown.
  2. noun (England, historical or regional) An open space between woods.
  3. noun (biology) An overgrown agar culture, such that no separation between single colonies exists.
  4. verb (transitive) To furnish with a lawn.
  5. noun (uncountable) A type of thin linen or cotton fabric tightly woven of fine threads. (Traditionally expensive and luxurious in centuries past.)
  6. noun (in the plural) Pieces of this fabric, especially as used for the sleeves of a bishop.
  7. noun (countable, obsolete) A piece of clothing made from lawn.
  8. proper noun A town in Newfoundland, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada.
  9. proper noun An unincorporated community in Pennsylvania, United States.
  10. proper noun A town in Texas, United States.
  11. proper noun An unincorporated community in West Virginia, United States.

Etymology

Early Modern English laune (“turf, grassy area”), alteration of laund (“glade”), from Middle English launde, from Old French lande (“heath, moor”), of Germanic or Gaulish origin, from Proto-Germanic *landą (“land”) or Proto-Celtic *landā, both from Proto-Indo-European *lendʰ- (“land, heath”).
Akin to Breton lann (“heath”), Old Norse & Old English land. Doublet of land and lande.

Apparently from Laon, a French town known for its linen manufacturing, from Old French Lan, from Latin Laudunum, a Celtic name cognate with Lugdunum.

(Canada): From French L'Âne (“The Donkey/Ass”).
(United States): From lawn.

Webster’s 1913

  1. noun An open space between woods. Milton.
  2. noun Ground (generally in front of or around a house) covered with grass kept closely mown. Lawn mower, a machine for clipping the short grass of lawns.
  3. noun A very fine linen (or sometimes cotton) fabric with a rather open texture. Lawn is used for the sleeves of a bishop's official dress in the English Church, and, figuratively, stands for the office itself.

Etymology [OE. laund, launde, F. lande heath, moor; of Celtic origin; cf. W. llan an open, clear place, llawnt a smooth rising hill, lawn, Armor. lann or lan territory, country, lann a prickly plant, pl. lannou heath, moor.]

Etymology [Earlier laune lynen, i. e., lawn linen; prob. from the town Laon in France.]

Sources: Wiktionary · Webster’s 1913 — from the Wiktionary entry “lawn”, CC BY-SA 4.0. Details