Klryz
Pronunciation guide: IPA symbols, stress and word endings

Vowels

iːseeɪsite / ɛbedæcat
ɑːfatherɒhot (UK)ɔːlawʊput
uːtooʌcupɜːbirdəabout
eɪdayaɪmyɔɪboyaʊnow
əʊ / oʊgo (UK / US)ɪəneareəhairʊətour

Consonants that look unusual

θthinðthisʃsheʒmeasure
tʃchurchdʒjudgeŋsingjyes

p b t d k g f v s z h m n l r w sound as in ordinary English spelling.

Marks

  • ˈ main stress, before the stressed syllable: /ˈwɔːtə/ water · ˌ lighter (secondary) stress: /ˌʌndəˈstænd/ understand
  • ː a long vowel · (r) an r said only in accents that pronounce it (most American, Scottish, Irish)

Common word endings

  • -s / -es (plurals; he/she form of verbs): /s/ after voiceless sounds (cats), /z/ after voiced (dogs), /ɪz/ after s, z, sh, ch, j sounds (buses, watches). Spelling: -es after s, x, z, ch, sh; consonant + y → -ies (city → cities).
  • -ed (past): /t/ after voiceless sounds (walked), /d/ after voiced (played), /ɪd/ after t or d (wanted). Spelling: love → loved, stop → stopped, carry → carried.
  • -ing: make → making, run → running, see → seeing.
  • Irregular: go, went, gone · be, was, been · see, saw, seen · man → men · child → children · mouse → mice.
  • Older (King James) forms: -eth = -s (he loveth = he loves) · -est with “thou” (thou lovest) · spake = spoke.

English Dictionary · 107,383 entries · Sources & licences

lombard

UK /ˈlɒmbɑːd/ · US /ˈlɑmbɑɹd/ noun, proper noun, adjective

Forms lombards Lumbard Lumbar

  1. noun (historical) A member of a Germanic people who invaded Italy in the 6th century.
  2. noun A native or inhabitant of Lombardy, Italy.
  3. noun (rare) A banker or moneylender.
  4. noun (obsolete) A Lombard house.
  5. noun (military, historical) A kind of Spanish cannon of the 16th century.
  6. proper noun A Romance (Gallo-Italic) language spoken in northern Italy, chiefly Lombardy, and Ticino in southern Switzerland.
  7. proper noun (countable) A surname originating as an ethnonym.
  8. proper noun A ghost town in Broadwater County, Montana, United States, named after A. G. Lombard.
  9. adjective Of, from or relating to Lombardy, Italy.

Synonyms

Langobard

Etymology

From Middle English Lombard, Lumbard, borrowed from Old French Lombard, Lombart (“a Lombard”), from Late Latin langobardus, longobardus (“a Lombard”), from Germanic, derived from the Proto-Germanic *langabardaz from elements *langaz + *bardaz; equivalent to long + beard. Some sources derive the second element instead from Proto-Germanic *bardǭ, *barduz (“axe”), related to German Barte (“axe”). Doublet of Langobard and longbeard. Compare with Old English Langbeardas (“Lombards”).

Webster’s 1913

  1. adjective Of or pertaining to Lombardy, or the inhabitants of Lombardy.
  2. noun A native or inhabitant of Lombardy.
  3. noun A money lender or banker; --so called because the business of banking was first carried on in London by Lombards.

Etymology [F. lombard, fr. the Longobardi or Langobardi, i. e., Longbeards, a people of Northern Germany, west of the Elbe, and afterward in Northern Italy. See Long, and Beard, and cf. Lumber.]

Sources: Wiktionary · Webster’s 1913 — from the Wiktionary entry “lombard”, CC BY-SA 4.0. Details