Klryz
Pronunciation guide: IPA symbols, stress and word endings

Vowels

iːseeɪsite / ɛbedæcat
ɑːfatherɒhot (UK)ɔːlawʊput
uːtooʌcupɜːbirdəabout
eɪdayaɪmyɔɪboyaʊnow
əʊ / oʊgo (UK / US)ɪəneareəhairʊətour

Consonants that look unusual

θthinðthisʃsheʒmeasure
tʃchurchdʒjudgeŋsingjyes

p b t d k g f v s z h m n l r w sound as in ordinary English spelling.

Marks

  • ˈ main stress, before the stressed syllable: /ˈwɔːtə/ water · ˌ lighter (secondary) stress: /ˌʌndəˈstænd/ understand
  • ː a long vowel · (r) an r said only in accents that pronounce it (most American, Scottish, Irish)

Common word endings

  • -s / -es (plurals; he/she form of verbs): /s/ after voiceless sounds (cats), /z/ after voiced (dogs), /ɪz/ after s, z, sh, ch, j sounds (buses, watches). Spelling: -es after s, x, z, ch, sh; consonant + y → -ies (city → cities).
  • -ed (past): /t/ after voiceless sounds (walked), /d/ after voiced (played), /ɪd/ after t or d (wanted). Spelling: love → loved, stop → stopped, carry → carried.
  • -ing: make → making, run → running, see → seeing.
  • Irregular: go, went, gone · be, was, been · see, saw, seen · man → men · child → children · mouse → mice.
  • Older (King James) forms: -eth = -s (he loveth = he loves) · -est with “thou” (thou lovest) · spake = spoke.

English Dictionary · 107,383 entries · Sources & licences

perennial

UK /pəˈɹɛn.ɪ.əl/ · US /pəˈɹɛn.j(ə)l/ adjective, noun

Forms perennials

  1. adjective Lasting or remaining active throughout the year, for multiple years, or all the time. “a perennial stream”
  2. adjective Continuing without cessation or intermission for several years, or for an undetermined or infinite period; never-ending or never failing; perpetual, unceasing. “His artwork has a perennial beauty.”
  3. adjective Appearing or recurring again and again; recurrent. “a perennial candidate in elections”
  4. adjective (rare) Appearing again each year; annual.
  5. adjective (botany) Of a plant: active throughout the year, or having a life cycle of more than two growing seasons.
  6. noun (botany) A plant that is active throughout the year, or has a life cycle of more than two growing seasons.
  7. noun A thing that lasts forever.
  8. noun A person or thing (such as a problem) that appears or returns regularly.

Synonyms

multiyear yearslong perennal continual enduring everlasting permanent timeless ageful agelong amaranthine celestial endless eternal eterne everduring evergreen eviternal forever heavenly recurrent repeated

Antonyms

annual biennial

Etymology

The adjective is borrowed from Latin perennis (“lasting through the whole year or for several years, perennial; continual, everlasting, perpetual”) + English -al (suffix meaning ‘of or pertaining to’ forming adjectives). Perennis is derived from per- (“completive or intensifying prefix with the sense of doing something all the way through or entirely”) + annus (“year; season, time”) (possibly ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂et- (“to go”)). By surface analysis, per- + -ennial.
The noun is derived from the adjective.
* Middle French pérenne (modern French pérenne (“lasting through the whole year, perennial”))
* Italian perenne (“lasting for a long time”)
* Spanish perenne (“eternal; permanent; a perennial plant”)

Webster’s 1913

  1. adjective ing or continuing through the year; as, perennial fountains.
  2. adjective Continuing without cessation or intermission; perpetual; unceasing; never failing.
  3. noun A perennial plant; a plant which lives or continues more than two years, whether it retains its leaves in winter or not.

Etymology [L. perennis that lasts the whole year through; per through + annus year. See Per-, and Annual.]

Sources: Wiktionary · WordNet 3.0 · Webster’s 1913 — from the Wiktionary entry “perennial”, CC BY-SA 4.0. Details

Sanskrit

Sanskrit dictionary entries whose meaning includes “perennial” (best matches first).