Pronunciation guide: IPA symbols, stress and word endings

Vowels

iː	see	ɪ	sit	e / ɛ	bed	æ	cat
ɑː	father	ɒ	hot (UK)	ɔː	law	ʊ	put
uː	too	ʌ	cup	ɜː	bird	ə	about
eɪ	day	aɪ	my	ɔɪ	boy	aʊ	now
əʊ / oʊ	go (UK / US)	ɪə	near	eə	hair	ʊə	tour

Consonants that look unusual

θ	thin	ð	this	ʃ	she	ʒ	measure
tʃ	church	dʒ	judge	ŋ	sing	j	yes

p b t d k g f v s z h m n l r w sound as in ordinary English spelling.

Marks

ˈ main stress, before the stressed syllable: /ˈwɔːtə/ water · ˌ lighter (secondary) stress: /ˌʌndəˈstænd/ understand
ː a long vowel · (r) an r said only in accents that pronounce it (most American, Scottish, Irish)

Common word endings

-s / -es (plurals; he/she form of verbs): /s/ after voiceless sounds (cats), /z/ after voiced (dogs), /ɪz/ after s, z, sh, ch, j sounds (buses, watches). Spelling: -es after s, x, z, ch, sh; consonant + y → -ies (city → cities).
-ed (past): /t/ after voiceless sounds (walked), /d/ after voiced (played), /ɪd/ after t or d (wanted). Spelling: love → loved, stop → stopped, carry → carried.
-ing: make → making, run → running, see → seeing.
Irregular: go, went, gone · be, was, been · see, saw, seen · man → men · child → children · mouse → mice.
Older (King James) forms: -eth = -s (he loveth = he loves) · -est with “thou” (thou lovest) · spake = spoke.

English Dictionary · 107,383 entries · Sources & licences

perspiration

UK /ˌpɜːspəˈɹeɪʃən/ · US /ˌpɝspəˈɹeɪʃən/ noun

Forms perspirations

noun The action or process of perspiring.
noun (metonymic) Synonym of hard work.
noun Sweat (fluid).

Synonyms

sweating diaphoresis hidrosis sudation sudoresis hard work sweat sudor

Etymology

Borrowed from late Middle French perspiration, from perspirer (“perspire”), from Latin perspirare (“to blow or breathe constantly”), from per (“through”) + spirare (“to breathe, blow”). Morphologically perspire + -ation.

Webster’s 1913

noun The act or process of perspiring.
noun That which is excreted through the skin; sweat.

Etymology [Cf. F. perspiration.]

Sources: Wiktionary · WordNet 3.0 · Webster’s 1913 — from the Wiktionary entry “perspiration”, CC BY-SA 4.0. Details

Sanskrit

Sanskrit dictionary entries whose meaning includes “perspiration” (best matches first).

प्रस्वेदिन् pra-svedin covered with perspiration, sweating.
प्रस्वेद pra-sveda great or excessive perspiration, sweat.
सप्रस्वेद sa-prasveda having perspiration, perspiring, sweating.
प्रस्विन्न pra-svinna covered with perspiration, sweated, heated, perspired.
अस्वेद a-sveda suppressed perspiration; ( as, ā, am ), not perspiring.
स्विन्न svinna perspired, sweated, covered with perspiration, perspiring; steeped.
प्रस्वेदित pra-svedita sweated, heated, perspired, perspiring, sweating; causing perspiration, hot.
स्रवण sravaṇa the act of flowing, streaming, trickling, oozing; sweat, perspiration; urine.

All 41 Sanskrit matches →