Pronunciation guide: IPA symbols, stress and word endings

θ	thin	ð	this	ʃ	she	ʒ	measure
tʃ	church	dʒ	judge	ŋ	sing	j	yes

p b t d k g f v s z h m n l r w sound as in ordinary English spelling.

ˈ main stress, before the stressed syllable: /ˈwɔːtə/ water · ˌ lighter (secondary) stress: /ˌʌndəˈstænd/ understand
ː a long vowel · (r) an r said only in accents that pronounce it (most American, Scottish, Irish)

-s / -es (plurals; he/she form of verbs): /s/ after voiceless sounds (cats), /z/ after voiced (dogs), /ɪz/ after s, z, sh, ch, j sounds (buses, watches). Spelling: -es after s, x, z, ch, sh; consonant + y → -ies (city → cities).
-ed (past): /t/ after voiceless sounds (walked), /d/ after voiced (played), /ɪd/ after t or d (wanted). Spelling: love → loved, stop → stopped, carry → carried.
-ing: make → making, run → running, see → seeing.
Irregular: go, went, gone · be, was, been · see, saw, seen · man → men · child → children · mouse → mice.
Older (King James) forms: -eth = -s (he loveth = he loves) · -est with “thou” (thou lovest) · spake = spoke.

preservative

/prɪˈzɜːvətɪv/ noun, adjective

Forms preservatives

noun Any agent, natural or artificial, that acts to preserve, especially when added to food. “Salt, sugar, and acid all act as preservatives when making pickles.”
adjective Tending to preserve. “The curators took preservative actions to maintain the ancient collection.”

Etymology

From Old French preservatif, from Medieval Latin praeservativus.

adjective Having the power or quality of preserving; tending to preserve, or to keep from injury, decay, etc.
noun That which preserves, or has the power of preserving; a presevative agent.

Etymology [Cf. F. préservatif.]

Sources: Wiktionary · Webster’s 1913 — from the Wiktionary entry “preservative”, CC BY-SA 4.0. Details

Sanskrit dictionary entries whose meaning includes “preservative” (best matches first).

पात्र pātra a preservative from sin.
पौष्टिक pauṣṭika relating to or promoting growth or welfare; nutritious, nourishing, nutritive, fattening, invigorating; pres…
आयुष्य āyuṣya giving long life, vital, preservative of life, for the sake of life, relating or belonging to it; ( am ), n.…
रक्षक rakṣaka who or what protects or guards or tends; guarding, protecting; ( as ), m. a guardian, protector; a guard, wa…
त्राण trāṇa preserved, saved, guarded, protected; ( am ), n. protecting, preserving; protection, a preservative, defence…
वर्मन् varman (according to some also) ā, m., defensive armour, a coat of mail, armour; a bulwark, shelter, defence, prote…
रक्ष rakṣa a guard, guardian, protector, keeper; protecting, preserving, watching, keeping, etc.; ( ā ), f. the act of …
कवच kavaca armour, mail, a coat of mail, a cuirass; the jacket of a boy; an amulet, a charm, the mystical syllable hum …