Klryz
Pronunciation guide: IPA symbols, stress and word endings

Vowels

iːseeɪsite / ɛbedæcat
ɑːfatherɒhot (UK)ɔːlawʊput
uːtooʌcupɜːbirdəabout
eɪdayaɪmyɔɪboyaʊnow
əʊ / oʊgo (UK / US)ɪəneareəhairʊətour

Consonants that look unusual

θthinðthisʃsheʒmeasure
tʃchurchdʒjudgeŋsingjyes

p b t d k g f v s z h m n l r w sound as in ordinary English spelling.

Marks

  • ˈ main stress, before the stressed syllable: /ˈwɔːtə/ water · ˌ lighter (secondary) stress: /ˌʌndəˈstænd/ understand
  • ː a long vowel · (r) an r said only in accents that pronounce it (most American, Scottish, Irish)

Common word endings

  • -s / -es (plurals; he/she form of verbs): /s/ after voiceless sounds (cats), /z/ after voiced (dogs), /ɪz/ after s, z, sh, ch, j sounds (buses, watches). Spelling: -es after s, x, z, ch, sh; consonant + y → -ies (city → cities).
  • -ed (past): /t/ after voiceless sounds (walked), /d/ after voiced (played), /ɪd/ after t or d (wanted). Spelling: love → loved, stop → stopped, carry → carried.
  • -ing: make → making, run → running, see → seeing.
  • Irregular: go, went, gone · be, was, been · see, saw, seen · man → men · child → children · mouse → mice.
  • Older (King James) forms: -eth = -s (he loveth = he loves) · -est with “thou” (thou lovest) · spake = spoke.

English Dictionary · 107,383 entries · Sources & licences

protocol

UK /ˈpɹəʊtəˌkɒl/ · US /ˈpɹoʊtəˌkɑl/ noun, verb

Forms protocols protocoling protocolling protocoled protocolled

  1. noun (now chiefly historical) The minutes, or official record, of a negotiation or transaction; especially a document drawn up officially which forms the legal basis for subsequent agreements based on it.
  2. noun (international law, now rare) An official record of a diplomatic meeting or negotiation; later specifically, a draft document setting out agreements to be signed into force by a subsequent formal treaty.
  3. noun (international law) An amendment to an official treaty.
  4. noun The first leaf of a roll of papyrus, or the official mark typically found on such a page.
  5. noun The official formulas which appeared at the beginning or end of certain official documents such as charters, papal bulls etc.
  6. noun (sciences) The original notes of observations made during an experiment.
  7. noun (sciences) The precise method for carrying out or reproducing a given experiment.
  8. noun The official rules and guidelines for heads of state and other dignitaries, governing accepted behaviour in relations with other diplomatic representatives or over affairs of state.
  9. verb (obsolete, transitive) To make a protocol of.
  10. verb (obsolete, intransitive) To make or write protocols, or first drafts; to issue protocols.

Synonyms

procedure policy modalities interface communications protocol

Etymology

Borrowed from Middle French protocolle, protocole (“document, record”), from Late Latin protocollum (“the first sheet of a volume (on which contents and errata were written)”), from Byzantine Greek πρωτόκολλον (prōtókollon, “first sheet glued onto a manuscript”), from πρῶτος (prôtos, “first”) + κόλλα (kólla, “glue”).

Webster’s 1913

  1. noun The original copy of any writing, as of a deed, treaty, dispatch, or other instrument. Burrill.
  2. noun The minutes, or rough draught, of an instrument or transaction.
  3. verb To make a protocol of.
  4. verb To make or write protocols, or first draughts; to issue protocols. Carlyle.

Sources: Wiktionary · WordNet 3.0 · Webster’s 1913 — from the Wiktionary entry “protocol”, CC BY-SA 4.0. Details