Klryz
Pronunciation guide: IPA symbols, stress and word endings

Vowels

iːseeɪsite / ɛbedæcat
ɑːfatherɒhot (UK)ɔːlawʊput
uːtooʌcupɜːbirdəabout
eɪdayaɪmyɔɪboyaʊnow
əʊ / oʊgo (UK / US)ɪəneareəhairʊətour

Consonants that look unusual

θthinðthisʃsheʒmeasure
tʃchurchdʒjudgeŋsingjyes

p b t d k g f v s z h m n l r w sound as in ordinary English spelling.

Marks

  • ˈ main stress, before the stressed syllable: /ˈwɔːtə/ water · ˌ lighter (secondary) stress: /ˌʌndəˈstænd/ understand
  • ː a long vowel · (r) an r said only in accents that pronounce it (most American, Scottish, Irish)

Common word endings

  • -s / -es (plurals; he/she form of verbs): /s/ after voiceless sounds (cats), /z/ after voiced (dogs), /ɪz/ after s, z, sh, ch, j sounds (buses, watches). Spelling: -es after s, x, z, ch, sh; consonant + y → -ies (city → cities).
  • -ed (past): /t/ after voiceless sounds (walked), /d/ after voiced (played), /ɪd/ after t or d (wanted). Spelling: love → loved, stop → stopped, carry → carried.
  • -ing: make → making, run → running, see → seeing.
  • Irregular: go, went, gone · be, was, been · see, saw, seen · man → men · child → children · mouse → mice.
  • Older (King James) forms: -eth = -s (he loveth = he loves) · -est with “thou” (thou lovest) · spake = spoke.

English Dictionary · 107,383 entries · Sources & licences

ruck

/ɹʌk/ noun, verb, proper noun

Also a form of rick roc

Forms rucks rucking rucked

  1. noun A throng or crowd of people or things; a mass, a pack.
  2. noun A contest in games in which the ball is thrown or bounced in the air and two players from opposing teams attempt to give their team an advantage, typically by tapping the ball to a teammate.
  3. noun A player who competes in said contests; a ruckman or ruckwoman.
  4. noun (now rare) Either of a ruckman or a ruck rover, but not a rover.
  5. noun Any one of a ruckman, a ruck rover or a rover; a follower.
  6. noun (rugby union) The situation formed when a player carrying the ball is brought to the ground and one or more members of each side are engaged above the ball, trying to win possession of it; a loose scrum.
  7. noun The common mass of people or things; the ordinary ranks.
  8. noun (colloquial) An argument or fight.
  9. verb (obsolete, transitive) To act as a ruck in a stoppage in Australian rules football.
  10. verb (transitive, rugby union) To contest the possession of the ball in a ruck.
  11. verb (transitive) To crease or fold.
  12. verb (intransitive) To become creased or folded.
  13. noun A crease, a wrinkle, a pucker, as on fabric.
  14. verb (UK, dialect, obsolete) To cower or huddle together; to squat; to sit, as a hen on eggs.
  15. noun (slang, especially military) A rucksack; a large backpack.
  16. verb To carry a backpack while hiking or marching.
  17. noun A small heifer.
  18. proper noun A surname from German.

Synonyms

herd pucker ruck up

Etymology

From Middle English ruke, from or related to Old Norse hraukr, which is from Proto-Germanic *hraukaz (“haystack, heap”). Compare Icelandic hrúka, Swedish ruka.

1780, from Old Norse hrukka (“wrinkle, crease”), from Proto-Germanic *hrunkijō, *hrunkitō (“fold, wrinkle”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“to turn, bend”).
Akin to Icelandic hrukka (“wrinkle, crease, ruck”), Old High German runza (“fold, wrinkle, crease”), German Runzel (“wrinkle”), Middle Dutch ronse (“frown”). More at frounce. Possibly related to Irish roc.

Compare Danish ruge (“to brood, to hatch”), itself related to Proto-Germanic *hraukaz (“heap, stack”).

Clipping of rucksack.

Webster’s 1913

  1. noun A roc. [Obs. or prov. Eng.] Drayton.
  2. verb To draw into wrinkles or unsightly folds; to crease; as, to ruck up a carpet. Smart.
  3. noun A wrinkle or crease in a piece of cloth, or in needlework.
  4. verb To cower; to huddle together; to squat; to sit, as a hen on eggs. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.] Gower. South.

Etymology [Icel hrukkast to wrinkle, hrukka wrinkle, fold.]

Etymology [Icel. hrukka. Cf. Ruck, v. t.]

Sources: Wiktionary · WordNet 3.0 · Webster’s 1913 — from the Wiktionary entry “ruck”, CC BY-SA 4.0. Details