Klryz
Pronunciation guide: IPA symbols, stress and word endings

Vowels

iːseeɪsite / ɛbedæcat
ɑːfatherɒhot (UK)ɔːlawʊput
uːtooʌcupɜːbirdəabout
eɪdayaɪmyɔɪboyaʊnow
əʊ / oʊgo (UK / US)ɪəneareəhairʊətour

Consonants that look unusual

θthinðthisʃsheʒmeasure
tʃchurchdʒjudgeŋsingjyes

p b t d k g f v s z h m n l r w sound as in ordinary English spelling.

Marks

  • ˈ main stress, before the stressed syllable: /ˈwɔːtə/ water · ˌ lighter (secondary) stress: /ˌʌndəˈstænd/ understand
  • ː a long vowel · (r) an r said only in accents that pronounce it (most American, Scottish, Irish)

Common word endings

  • -s / -es (plurals; he/she form of verbs): /s/ after voiceless sounds (cats), /z/ after voiced (dogs), /ɪz/ after s, z, sh, ch, j sounds (buses, watches). Spelling: -es after s, x, z, ch, sh; consonant + y → -ies (city → cities).
  • -ed (past): /t/ after voiceless sounds (walked), /d/ after voiced (played), /ɪd/ after t or d (wanted). Spelling: love → loved, stop → stopped, carry → carried.
  • -ing: make → making, run → running, see → seeing.
  • Irregular: go, went, gone · be, was, been · see, saw, seen · man → men · child → children · mouse → mice.
  • Older (King James) forms: -eth = -s (he loveth = he loves) · -est with “thou” (thou lovest) · spake = spoke.

English Dictionary · 107,383 entries · Sources & licences

rudiment

/ˈɹuːdɪmənt/ noun, verb

Forms rudiments rudimenting rudimented

  1. noun (often in the plural) A fundamental principle or skill, especially in a field of learning. “We'll be learning the rudiments of thermodynamics next week.”
  2. noun (often in the plural) A form that lacks full or complex development. “I have the rudiments of an escape plan.”
  3. noun (biology) A body part that no longer has a function
  4. noun (music) In percussion, one of a selection of basic drum patterns learned as an exercise.
  5. verb (transitive) To ground; to settle in first principles.

Synonyms

basics fundamentals first rudiment first principle alphabet ABC ABC's ABCs

Etymology

From Old French rudiment, from Latin rudimentum (“a first attempt, a beginning”), plural rudimenta (“the elements”), from rudis (“rude”); see rude. By surface analysis, rude + -i- + -ment.

Webster’s 1913

  1. noun That which is unformed or undeveloped; the principle which lies at the bottom of any development; an unfinished beginning.
  2. noun Hence, an element or first principle of any art or science; a beginning of any knowledge; a first step.
  3. verb To furnish with first principles or rules; to insrtuct in the rudiments. Gayton.

Etymology [L. rudimentum, fr. rudis unwrought, ignorant, rude: cf. F. rudiment. See Rude.]

Sources: Wiktionary · WordNet 3.0 · Webster’s 1913 — from the Wiktionary entry “rudiment”, CC BY-SA 4.0. Details

Sanskrit

Sanskrit dictionary entries whose meaning includes “rudiment” (best matches first).