Klryz
Pronunciation guide: IPA symbols, stress and word endings

Vowels

iːseeɪsite / ɛbedæcat
ɑːfatherɒhot (UK)ɔːlawʊput
uːtooʌcupɜːbirdəabout
eɪdayaɪmyɔɪboyaʊnow
əʊ / oʊgo (UK / US)ɪəneareəhairʊətour

Consonants that look unusual

θthinðthisʃsheʒmeasure
tʃchurchdʒjudgeŋsingjyes

p b t d k g f v s z h m n l r w sound as in ordinary English spelling.

Marks

  • ˈ main stress, before the stressed syllable: /ˈwɔːtə/ water · ˌ lighter (secondary) stress: /ˌʌndəˈstænd/ understand
  • ː a long vowel · (r) an r said only in accents that pronounce it (most American, Scottish, Irish)

Common word endings

  • -s / -es (plurals; he/she form of verbs): /s/ after voiceless sounds (cats), /z/ after voiced (dogs), /ɪz/ after s, z, sh, ch, j sounds (buses, watches). Spelling: -es after s, x, z, ch, sh; consonant + y → -ies (city → cities).
  • -ed (past): /t/ after voiceless sounds (walked), /d/ after voiced (played), /ɪd/ after t or d (wanted). Spelling: love → loved, stop → stopped, carry → carried.
  • -ing: make → making, run → running, see → seeing.
  • Irregular: go, went, gone · be, was, been · see, saw, seen · man → men · child → children · mouse → mice.
  • Older (King James) forms: -eth = -s (he loveth = he loves) · -est with “thou” (thou lovest) · spake = spoke.

English Dictionary · 107,383 entries · Sources & licences

smut

/smʌt/ noun, verb

Forms smuts smutting smutted

  1. noun (uncountable) Soot.
  2. noun (countable) A flake of ash or soot.
  3. noun (uncountable) Sexually vulgar material; something that is sexual in a dirty way; pornographic material.
  4. noun (uncountable) Obscene language; ribaldry; obscenity.
  5. noun (phytopathology) Any of a range of fungi, mostly Ustilaginomycetes, that cause plant disease in grasses, including cereal crops; the disease so caused.
  6. noun (mining) Bad, soft coal containing earthy matter, found in the immediate locality of faults.
  7. noun (countable, slang, archaic) A copper boiler.
  8. verb (ambitransitive) To stain (or be stained) with soot or other dirt.
  9. verb (transitive) To taint (grain, etc.) with the smut fungus.
  10. verb (intransitive) To become tainted by the smut fungus.
  11. verb (transitive) To clear of the smut fungus. “to smut grain for the mill”

Synonyms

filth befoul smutch smutty soil assoil beclart bedaub bedirty imbrue (especially with blood) bedizen befile befilth begrime beray beshit besmear besmirch besully bewray carbon black lampblack soot crock smut fungus obscenity vulgarism dirty word pornography porno

Etymology

From Middle English smutten (“to defile, debase”), related to German Schmutz (“filth, dirt, smut”) and schmutzen (“to make dirty, stain”). Doublet of schmutz.
Compare also Old English smitta (“smear; blot; mark; stain; pollution”), Old English besmītan (“to besmut; defile; dirty; pollute; contaminate”).

Webster’s 1913

  1. noun Foul matter, like soot or coal dust; also, a spot or soil made by such matter.
  2. noun Bad, soft coal, containing much earthy matter, found in the immediate locality of faults.
  3. verb To stain or mark with smut; to blacken with coal, soot, or other dirty substance.
  4. verb To taint with mildew, as grain. Bacon.

Etymology [Akin to Sw. smuts, Dan. smuds, MHG. smuz, G. schmutz, D. smet a spot or stain, smoddig, smodsig, smodderig, dirty, smodderen to smut; and probably to E. smite. See Smite, v. t., and cf. Smitt, Smutch.]

Sources: Wiktionary · WordNet 3.0 · Webster’s 1913 — from the Wiktionary entry “smut”, CC BY-SA 4.0. Details