Klryz
Pronunciation guide: IPA symbols, stress and word endings

Vowels

iːseeɪsite / ɛbedæcat
ɑːfatherɒhot (UK)ɔːlawʊput
uːtooʌcupɜːbirdəabout
eɪdayaɪmyɔɪboyaʊnow
əʊ / oʊgo (UK / US)ɪəneareəhairʊətour

Consonants that look unusual

θthinðthisʃsheʒmeasure
tʃchurchdʒjudgeŋsingjyes

p b t d k g f v s z h m n l r w sound as in ordinary English spelling.

Marks

  • ˈ main stress, before the stressed syllable: /ˈwɔːtə/ water · ˌ lighter (secondary) stress: /ˌʌndəˈstænd/ understand
  • ː a long vowel · (r) an r said only in accents that pronounce it (most American, Scottish, Irish)

Common word endings

  • -s / -es (plurals; he/she form of verbs): /s/ after voiceless sounds (cats), /z/ after voiced (dogs), /ɪz/ after s, z, sh, ch, j sounds (buses, watches). Spelling: -es after s, x, z, ch, sh; consonant + y → -ies (city → cities).
  • -ed (past): /t/ after voiceless sounds (walked), /d/ after voiced (played), /ɪd/ after t or d (wanted). Spelling: love → loved, stop → stopped, carry → carried.
  • -ing: make → making, run → running, see → seeing.
  • Irregular: go, went, gone · be, was, been · see, saw, seen · man → men · child → children · mouse → mice.
  • Older (King James) forms: -eth = -s (he loveth = he loves) · -est with “thou” (thou lovest) · spake = spoke.

English Dictionary · 107,383 entries · Sources & licences

surcharge

UK /ˈsɜːt͡ʃɑːd͡ʒ/ · US /ˈsɜɹt͡ʃɑɹd͡ʒ/ noun, verb

Forms surcharges surcharging surcharged

  1. noun An addition of extra charge on the agreed, stated, or baseline price. Sometimes portrayed by a buyer as excessive and rapacious; usually portrayed by a seller as justified and necessary. “Our airline tickets cost twenty dollars more than we expected because we had to pay a fuel surcharge.”
  2. noun The part of the price of a subsidized good or service that is not covered by the subsidy and so must be paid by the consumer.
  3. noun (philately) An overprint on a stamp that alters (usually raises) the original nominal value of the stamp; used especially in times of hyperinflation.
  4. noun (art) A painting in lighter enamel over a darker one that serves as the ground.
  5. noun (law) A charge that has been omitted from an account as payment of a credit to the charged party
  6. noun (law) A penalty for failure to exercise common prudence and skill in the performance of a fiduciary's duties.
  7. noun (obsolete) An excessive load or burden.
  8. noun (law, obsolete) The putting, by a commoner, of more animals on the common than he is entitled to.
  9. verb To apply a surcharge.
  10. verb To overload; to overburden. “to surcharge an animal or a ship; to surcharge a cannon”
  11. verb (law) To overstock; especially, to put more cattle into (e.g. a common) than one has a right to do, or more than the herbage will sustain.
  12. verb To show an omission in (an account) for which credit ought to have been given.

Synonyms

overcharge soak gazump fleece plume pluck rob hook overload

Antonyms

discount

Etymology

From Middle French surcharge, from Old French. By surface analysis, sur- + charge. Piecewise doublet of supercharge.

Webster’s 1913

  1. verb To overload; to overburden; to overmatch; to overcharge; as, to surcharge a beast or a ship; to surcharge a cannon.
  2. verb (a) To overstock; especially, to put more cattle into, as a common, than the person has a right to do, or more than the herbage will sustain. Blackstone.
  3. noun An overcharge; an excessive load or burden; a load greater than can well be borne.
  4. noun (a) The putting, by a commoner, of more beasts on the common than he has a right to. (b) (Equity) The showing an omission, as in an account, for which credit ought to have been given. Burrill.

Etymology [F. surcharger. See Sur-, and Charge, and cf. Overcharge, Supercharge, Supercargo.]

Etymology [F.]

Sources: Wiktionary · WordNet 3.0 · Webster’s 1913 — from the Wiktionary entry “surcharge”, CC BY-SA 4.0. Details

Sanskrit

Sanskrit dictionary entries whose meaning includes “surcharge” (best matches first).