Klryz
Pronunciation guide: IPA symbols, stress and word endings

Vowels

iːseeɪsite / ɛbedæcat
ɑːfatherɒhot (UK)ɔːlawʊput
uːtooʌcupɜːbirdəabout
eɪdayaɪmyɔɪboyaʊnow
əʊ / oʊgo (UK / US)ɪəneareəhairʊətour

Consonants that look unusual

θthinðthisʃsheʒmeasure
tʃchurchdʒjudgeŋsingjyes

p b t d k g f v s z h m n l r w sound as in ordinary English spelling.

Marks

  • ˈ main stress, before the stressed syllable: /ˈwɔːtə/ water · ˌ lighter (secondary) stress: /ˌʌndəˈstænd/ understand
  • ː a long vowel · (r) an r said only in accents that pronounce it (most American, Scottish, Irish)

Common word endings

  • -s / -es (plurals; he/she form of verbs): /s/ after voiceless sounds (cats), /z/ after voiced (dogs), /ɪz/ after s, z, sh, ch, j sounds (buses, watches). Spelling: -es after s, x, z, ch, sh; consonant + y → -ies (city → cities).
  • -ed (past): /t/ after voiceless sounds (walked), /d/ after voiced (played), /ɪd/ after t or d (wanted). Spelling: love → loved, stop → stopped, carry → carried.
  • -ing: make → making, run → running, see → seeing.
  • Irregular: go, went, gone · be, was, been · see, saw, seen · man → men · child → children · mouse → mice.
  • Older (King James) forms: -eth = -s (he loveth = he loves) · -est with “thou” (thou lovest) · spake = spoke.

English Dictionary · 107,383 entries · Sources & licences

tart

UK /tɑːt/ · US /tɑɹt/ adjective, noun, verb, proper noun

Forms tarter tartest tarts tarting tarted

  1. adjective Sharp to the taste; acid; sour. “I ate a very tart apple.”
  2. adjective (of wine) High or too high in acidity.
  3. adjective (figuratively) Sharp; keen; severe. “He gave me a very tart reply.”
  4. noun A type of small open pie, or piece of pastry, now typically containing jelly (US) / jam (UK) or conserve, or sometimes other fillings (chocolate, custard, egg, butter, historically even meat or other savory fillings).
  5. noun A melt (block of wax for use in a tart burner).
  6. noun (UK, slang) A prostitute.
  7. noun (slang, derogatory, by extension) Any woman with loose sexual morals.
  8. verb To practice prostitution.
  9. verb To practice promiscuous sex.
  10. verb To dress garishly, ostentatiously, whorishly, or sluttily.
  11. proper noun A surname.

Synonyms

green prostitute cocotte whore harlot bawd cyprian fancy woman working girl sporting lady lady of pleasure woman of the street lemony lemonlike sourish tangy sharp sharp-worded

Etymology

From Middle English tart, from Old English teart (“sharp, rough, severe”), from Proto-West Germanic *tart, from Proto-Germanic *tartaz (“rough, sharp, tearing”), from Proto-Germanic *teraną (“to tear”), from Proto-Indo-European *der- (“to flay, split, cleave”). Related to Scots tairt (“tart; tartness”), Dutch tarten (“to defy, challenge, mock”), German trotzen (“to defy, brave, mock”), perhaps Albanian thartë (“sour, acid, sharp”).

From Middle English tart, tarte, from Old French tarte, tartre (“flat pastry”) (compare Medieval Latin tarta), of unknown origin. Perhaps an alteration of Old French torte, tourte, from Latin turta, perhaps from tŏrta f (“twisted”), in which case it would be cognate to torta.

From a rebracketing of sweetheart, or from jam tart (“attractive woman”) by shortening.

Webster’s 1913

  1. adjective Sharp to the taste; acid; sour; as, a tart apple.
  2. adjective Fig.: Sharp; keen; severe; as, a tart reply; tart language; a tart rebuke.
  3. noun A species of small open pie, or piece of pastry, containing jelly or conserve; a sort of fruit pie.

Etymology [AS. teart. *63. Cf. Tear, v. t.]

Etymology [OE. tarte, F. tarte; perhaps originally the same word as tourte, LL. torta, fr. L. tortus, p.p. of torquere to twist, bend, wind, because tarts were originally made of a twisted shape. Cf. Torture, n.]

Sources: Wiktionary · WordNet 3.0 · Webster’s 1913 — from the Wiktionary entry “tart”, CC BY-SA 4.0. Details