Pronunciation guide: IPA symbols, stress and word endings

θ	thin	ð	this	ʃ	she	ʒ	measure
tʃ	church	dʒ	judge	ŋ	sing	j	yes

p b t d k g f v s z h m n l r w sound as in ordinary English spelling.

ˈ main stress, before the stressed syllable: /ˈwɔːtə/ water · ˌ lighter (secondary) stress: /ˌʌndəˈstænd/ understand
ː a long vowel · (r) an r said only in accents that pronounce it (most American, Scottish, Irish)

-s / -es (plurals; he/she form of verbs): /s/ after voiceless sounds (cats), /z/ after voiced (dogs), /ɪz/ after s, z, sh, ch, j sounds (buses, watches). Spelling: -es after s, x, z, ch, sh; consonant + y → -ies (city → cities).
-ed (past): /t/ after voiceless sounds (walked), /d/ after voiced (played), /ɪd/ after t or d (wanted). Spelling: love → loved, stop → stopped, carry → carried.
-ing: make → making, run → running, see → seeing.
Irregular: go, went, gone · be, was, been · see, saw, seen · man → men · child → children · mouse → mice.
Older (King James) forms: -eth = -s (he loveth = he loves) · -est with “thou” (thou lovest) · spake = spoke.

trauma

UK /ˈtɹɔː.mə/ · US /ˈtɹɔm.ə/ noun

Forms traumas traumata

noun Any injury to the body of a living thing. “mild trauma”
noun (usually specifically) Serious injury, resulting from predation, violence, an accident such as a fall, a vehicle crash, etc. “We're not talking about paper cuts or sprains here — we're talking about trauma.”
noun An emotional wound leading to psychological injury. “What these patients eventually realized was that they all had trauma that had fed into their addictions.”
noun An event that causes great distress. “The earthquake here 14 years ago was a national trauma that still affects the economy today.”

Synonyms

From Ancient Greek τραῦμα (traûma, “wound, damage”).

Sources: Wiktionary · WordNet 3.0 — from the Wiktionary entry “trauma”, CC BY-SA 4.0. Details