Klryz
Pronunciation guide: IPA symbols, stress and word endings

Vowels

iːseeɪsite / ɛbedæcat
ɑːfatherɒhot (UK)ɔːlawʊput
uːtooʌcupɜːbirdəabout
eɪdayaɪmyɔɪboyaʊnow
əʊ / oʊgo (UK / US)ɪəneareəhairʊətour

Consonants that look unusual

θthinðthisʃsheʒmeasure
tʃchurchdʒjudgeŋsingjyes

p b t d k g f v s z h m n l r w sound as in ordinary English spelling.

Marks

  • ˈ main stress, before the stressed syllable: /ˈwɔːtə/ water · ˌ lighter (secondary) stress: /ˌʌndəˈstænd/ understand
  • ː a long vowel · (r) an r said only in accents that pronounce it (most American, Scottish, Irish)

Common word endings

  • -s / -es (plurals; he/she form of verbs): /s/ after voiceless sounds (cats), /z/ after voiced (dogs), /ɪz/ after s, z, sh, ch, j sounds (buses, watches). Spelling: -es after s, x, z, ch, sh; consonant + y → -ies (city → cities).
  • -ed (past): /t/ after voiceless sounds (walked), /d/ after voiced (played), /ɪd/ after t or d (wanted). Spelling: love → loved, stop → stopped, carry → carried.
  • -ing: make → making, run → running, see → seeing.
  • Irregular: go, went, gone · be, was, been · see, saw, seen · man → men · child → children · mouse → mice.
  • Older (King James) forms: -eth = -s (he loveth = he loves) · -est with “thou” (thou lovest) · spake = spoke.

English Dictionary · 107,383 entries · Sources & licences

twinge

/twɪnd͡ʒ/ verb, noun

Forms twinges twingeing twinging twinged twingest twingedst twingeth

  1. verb To have a sudden, pinching or sharp pain in a specific part of the body, like a twitch. “My side twinges if I sit too long.”
  2. verb (obsolete except UK, dialectal) To pull and twist.
  3. verb (except UK, dialectal) To pull and twist (someone or something); to pinch, to tweak, to twitch, to wring.
  4. verb To affect or torment (someone, their mind, or part of their body) with one or more sudden, pinching or sharp pains; to irritate.
  5. verb (figurative) To prick or stimulate (one's conscience).
  6. noun A sudden, pinching or sharp pain in a specific part of the body, especially one lasting for a short time. “I got a twinge in my arm.”
  7. noun (rare, also figurative) A turn, a twist.
  8. noun A sudden, sharp feeling of an emotional or mental nature, as of guilt or sadness; a pang, a paroxysm, a throe; also, a prick of the conscience. “a twinge of embarrassment”
  9. noun A sudden, sharp occurrence of something; a nip.
  10. noun (UK, dialectal) Synonym of earwig (“insect of the order Dermaptera”).
  11. noun (obsolete) An act of pulling and twisting; a pinch, a tweak, a twitch.

Synonyms

earwig pang stab prick sting pinch squeeze tweet nip twitch

Etymology

The verb is derived from Middle English twengen (“to nip, pinch, tweak; to tear at”), from Old English twenġan (“to pinch, squeeze”), from Proto-West Germanic *twangijan (“to pinch, squeeze”), from Proto-Germanic *twangijaną (“to pinch, squeeze”), the causative form of *twinganą (“to press, squeeze”); further etymology uncertain, possibly related to *þwangiz (“belt, strap, thong; pressure, restraint”) or *þwinganą, *þwinhaną (“to constrain; to force”) (whence German zwingen), both ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *twenk- (“to press, pressure, squeeze”). However, the Oxford English Dictionary says there is no evidence for such a relationship.
The noun is derived from the verb.

Webster’s 1913

  1. verb To pull with a twitch; to pinch; to tweak.
  2. verb To affect with a sharp, sudden pain; to torment with pinching or sharp pains.
  3. verb To have a sudden, sharp, local pain, like a twitch; to suffer a keen, darting, or shooting pain; as, the side twinges.
  4. noun A pinch; a tweak; a twitch.

Etymology [OE. twengen, AS. twengan; akin to OE. twingen to pain, afflict, OFries. thwinga, twinga, dwinga, to constrain, D. dwingen, OS. thwingan, G. zwingen, OHG. dwingan, thwingan, to press, oppress, overcome, Icel. þvinga, Sw. tvinga to subdue, constrain, Dan. twinge, and AS. þün to press, OHG. duhen, and probably to E. thong. Perhaps influenced by twitch. Cf. Thong.]

Sources: Wiktionary · WordNet 3.0 · Webster’s 1913 — from the Wiktionary entry “twinge”, CC BY-SA 4.0. Details