Klryz
Pronunciation guide: IPA symbols, stress and word endings

Vowels

iːseeɪsite / ɛbedæcat
ɑːfatherɒhot (UK)ɔːlawʊput
uːtooʌcupɜːbirdəabout
eɪdayaɪmyɔɪboyaʊnow
əʊ / oʊgo (UK / US)ɪəneareəhairʊətour

Consonants that look unusual

θthinðthisʃsheʒmeasure
tʃchurchdʒjudgeŋsingjyes

p b t d k g f v s z h m n l r w sound as in ordinary English spelling.

Marks

  • ˈ main stress, before the stressed syllable: /ˈwɔːtə/ water · ˌ lighter (secondary) stress: /ˌʌndəˈstænd/ understand
  • ː a long vowel · (r) an r said only in accents that pronounce it (most American, Scottish, Irish)

Common word endings

  • -s / -es (plurals; he/she form of verbs): /s/ after voiceless sounds (cats), /z/ after voiced (dogs), /ɪz/ after s, z, sh, ch, j sounds (buses, watches). Spelling: -es after s, x, z, ch, sh; consonant + y → -ies (city → cities).
  • -ed (past): /t/ after voiceless sounds (walked), /d/ after voiced (played), /ɪd/ after t or d (wanted). Spelling: love → loved, stop → stopped, carry → carried.
  • -ing: make → making, run → running, see → seeing.
  • Irregular: go, went, gone · be, was, been · see, saw, seen · man → men · child → children · mouse → mice.
  • Older (King James) forms: -eth = -s (he loveth = he loves) · -est with “thou” (thou lovest) · spake = spoke.

English Dictionary · 107,383 entries · Sources & licences

hag

/hæɡ/ noun, verb

Forms hags hagging hagged

  1. noun A witch, sorceress, or enchantress; a female wizard.
  2. noun (derogatory) An ugly old woman.
  3. noun (derogatory) An evil woman.
  4. noun (US, slang, sometimes derogatory) A woman.
  5. noun A fury; a she-monster.
  6. noun A hagfish; one of various eel-like fish of the family Myxinidae, allied to the lamprey, with a suctorial mouth, labial appendages, and a single pair of gill openings.
  7. noun A hagdon or shearwater; one of various sea birds of the genus Puffinus.
  8. noun (obsolete) An appearance of light and fire on a horse's mane or a person's hair.
  9. noun (Northern England) A small wood, or part of a wood or copse, which is marked off or enclosed for felling, or which has been felled.
  10. noun A marshy hollow, especially an area of peat lying lower than surrounding moorland, formed by erosion of a gully or cutting and often having steep edges.
  11. verb To cut or erode (as) a hag (a hollow into moorland).
  12. verb (transitive) To harass; to weary with vexation.

Synonyms

magician ugly woman borer hagfish sleepmarken slime eel sucker myxinid hagdon haglet shearwater bird cherry hackberry beldam beldame witch crone slime eels

Etymology

From Middle English hagge, hegge (“demon, old woman”), shortening of Old English hægtesse, hægtes (“harpy, witch”), from Proto-West Germanic *hagatussjā. Cognate with Saterland Frisian Häkse (“witch”), Dutch heks, German Hexe (“witch”). Doublet of hex.

From Middle English hag (denoting a gap in a cliff), from Old Norse hǫgg (“cut, gap, breach”), derivative of hǫggva (“to hack, hew”). Compare English hew, Old Swedish hug (“blow, stroke”).

From Middle English haggen, from Proto-Germanic *hag(g)ōnan (compare obsolete Dutch hagen (“to torment, agonize”), Norwegian haga (“to tire, weaken”)).

Webster’s 1913

  1. noun A witch, sorceress, or enchantress; also, a wizard. [Obs.]
  2. noun An ugly old woman.
  3. verb To harass; to weary with vexation.
  4. noun A small wood, or part of a wood or copse, which is marked off or inclosed for felling, or which has been felled.

Etymology [OE. hagge, hegge, with, hag, AS. hægtesse; akin to OHG. hagazussa, G. hexe, D. heks, Dan. hex, Sw. häxa. The first part of the word is prob. the same as E. haw, hedge, and the orig. meaning was perh., wood woman, wild woman. 1. A witch, sorceress, or enchantress; also, a wizard. [Obs.]

Etymology [Scot. hag to cut; cf. E. hack.]

Sources: Wiktionary · WordNet 3.0 · Webster’s 1913 — from the Wiktionary entry “hag”, CC BY-SA 4.0. Details