Pronunciation guide: IPA symbols, stress and word endings
Vowels
| iː | see | ɪ | sit | e / ɛ | bed | æ | cat |
| ɑː | father | ɒ | hot (UK) | ɔː | law | ʊ | put |
| uː | too | ʌ | cup | ɜː | bird | ə | about |
| eɪ | day | aɪ | my | ɔɪ | boy | aʊ | now |
| əʊ / oʊ | go (UK / US) | ɪə | near | eə | hair | ʊə | tour |
Consonants that look unusual
| θ | thin | ð | this | ʃ | she | ʒ | measure |
| tʃ | church | dʒ | judge | ŋ | sing | j | yes |
p b t d k g f v s z h m n l r w sound as in ordinary English spelling.
Marks
- ˈ main stress, before the stressed syllable: /ˈwɔːtə/ water · ˌ lighter (secondary) stress: /ˌʌndəˈstænd/ understand
- ː a long vowel · (r) an r said only in accents that pronounce it (most American, Scottish, Irish)
Common word endings
- -s / -es (plurals; he/she form of verbs): /s/ after voiceless sounds (cats), /z/ after voiced (dogs), /ɪz/ after s, z, sh, ch, j sounds (buses, watches). Spelling: -es after s, x, z, ch, sh; consonant + y → -ies (city → cities).
- -ed (past): /t/ after voiceless sounds (walked), /d/ after voiced (played), /ɪd/ after t or d (wanted). Spelling: love → loved, stop → stopped, carry → carried.
- -ing: make → making, run → running, see → seeing.
- Irregular: go, went, gone · be, was, been · see, saw, seen · man → men · child → children · mouse → mice.
- Older (King James) forms: -eth = -s (he loveth = he loves) · -est with “thou” (thou lovest) · spake = spoke.
English Dictionary · 107,383 entries · Sources & licences
Results for “necessar”
- necessary adjective, noun, proper nounRequired, essential, whether logically inescapable or needed in order to achieve a desired result or avoid some penalty.
- necessarily adverbInevitably; of necessity.
- unnecessary adjectiveNot needed or necessary.
- unnecessarily adverbIn an unnecessary way; not by necessity.
- ability noun(obsolete) Suitableness.
- able adjective, verb, noun, proper nounHaving the necessary powers or the needed resources to accomplish a task.
- abstraction nounThe act of abstracting, separating, withdrawing, or taking away; withdrawal; the state of being taken away.
- acceptation nounThe meaning (sense) in which a word or expression is understood, or generally received.
- accessory adjective, nounHaving a secondary, supplementary or subordinate function by accompanying as a subordinate; aiding in a secondary way; being additional; co…
- acclimate verb(transitive, chiefly US) To habituate to a climate not native; to acclimatize.
- accommodation ladder noun(nautical) a flight of stairs or a ladder for lowering over the side of a ship for access to and from a small boat.
- accredit verb(transitive) To ascribe; attribute; credit with.
- advance verb, noun, adjectiveTo help the progress of (something); to further.
- aerodrome nounAn airfield.
- age noun, verb(countable) The amount of time that some being has been alive, or that some thing has been in existence, as measured from its birth or orig…
- aggro noun, adjective, verbAggravation; bother.
- airfield noun(aviation) An open field designated for the taking off and landing of aircraft, but which, unlike an airport, does not necessarily have ter…
- alarm noun, verb(countable) A summons to arms, as on the approach of an enemy.
- allegation nounAn assertion, especially an accusation, not necessarily based on facts.
- allegro noun, adverb, adjective(music) A tempo mark directing that a passage is to be played in a quick, lively tempo, faster than allegretto but slower than presto.
- alternate adjective, noun, verbHappening by turns; one following the other in succession of time or place; first one and then the other (repeatedly).
- always adverbAt all times; throughout all time; since the beginning.
- ambition noun, verb(uncountable, countable) Eager or inordinate desire for some object that confers distinction, as preferment, honor, superiority, political …
- analytic adjectiveOf, or relating to any form of analysis, or to analytics.
- anarchism nounA political and philosophical belief that all forms of government are undesirable, unnecessary, or unethical, and as such that society woul…
- android noun, adjective, proper nounA robot that is designed to look and act like a human being (not necessarily a male one).
- ante up verbTo contribute one's share of a payment; to provide funds; to pay what is due.
- apodeictic adjectiveAffording proof; demonstrative.
- apodictic adjectiveIncontrovertible; demonstrably true or certain.
- apparent adjectiveCapable of being seen, or easily seen; open to view; visible to the eye; within sight or view.
- appoint verb(transitive) To set, fix or determine (a time or place for something such as a meeting, or the meeting itself) by authority or agreement.
- armed forces nounThe military forces of a nation, such as the army, navy, air force, marines, and sometimes, coastguard or border guard, which are tasked wi…
- artifact nounAn object made or shaped by human hand or labor.
- assault noun, verbA violent onset or attack with physical means, for example blows, weapons, etc.
- assert oneself verbTo defend one's rights or opinions, sometimes with unnecessary zeal; to thrust oneself forward.
- association noun(uncountable) The act of associating.
- asymmetric adjectiveNot symmetric.
- audit noun, verbA judicial examination.
- authorize verb(ambitransitive) To grant (someone) the permission or power necessary to do (something); to permit; to sanction or consent to.
- automatic adjective, nounCapable of operating without external control or intervention.
- axiom noun(philosophy) A seemingly self-evident or necessary truth which is based on assumption; a principle or proposition which cannot actually be …
- babysitter nounA person who cares for one or more babies or children for a short period of time in place of their legal guardians.
- back and forth adverb, adjective, verb, nounFrom one place to another and back again.
- balaclava noun, proper nounA type of warm headgear covering the neck, head, and often part of the face, with apertures left as necessary, often made out of wool.