Klryz
Pronunciation guide: IPA symbols, stress and word endings

Vowels

iːseeɪsite / ɛbedæcat
ɑːfatherɒhot (UK)ɔːlawʊput
uːtooʌcupɜːbirdəabout
eɪdayaɪmyɔɪboyaʊnow
əʊ / oʊgo (UK / US)ɪəneareəhairʊətour

Consonants that look unusual

θthinðthisʃsheʒmeasure
tʃchurchdʒjudgeŋsingjyes

p b t d k g f v s z h m n l r w sound as in ordinary English spelling.

Marks

  • ˈ main stress, before the stressed syllable: /ˈwɔːtə/ water · ˌ lighter (secondary) stress: /ˌʌndəˈstænd/ understand
  • ː a long vowel · (r) an r said only in accents that pronounce it (most American, Scottish, Irish)

Common word endings

  • -s / -es (plurals; he/she form of verbs): /s/ after voiceless sounds (cats), /z/ after voiced (dogs), /ɪz/ after s, z, sh, ch, j sounds (buses, watches). Spelling: -es after s, x, z, ch, sh; consonant + y → -ies (city → cities).
  • -ed (past): /t/ after voiceless sounds (walked), /d/ after voiced (played), /ɪd/ after t or d (wanted). Spelling: love → loved, stop → stopped, carry → carried.
  • -ing: make → making, run → running, see → seeing.
  • Irregular: go, went, gone · be, was, been · see, saw, seen · man → men · child → children · mouse → mice.
  • Older (King James) forms: -eth = -s (he loveth = he loves) · -est with “thou” (thou lovest) · spake = spoke.

English Dictionary · 107,383 entries · Sources & licences

sabbath

/ˈsæbəθ/ noun

Forms sabbaths

  1. noun Friday, observed in Islam as a day of rest and worship.
  2. noun Saturday, observed in Judaism as a day of rest and worship.
  3. noun Sunday, observed in Christianity as a day of rest and worship. “Jerusalem is a city of three Sabbaths–Friday (Muslim), Saturday (Jewish), and Sunday (Christian).”
  4. noun A meeting of witches. (Also called a witches' Sabbath, Shabbat, sabbat, or black Sabbath.)
  5. noun (historical) Among the ancient Jews and Hebrews, the seventh year, when the land was left fallow.
  6. noun (Buddhism, Myanmar) Synonym of uposatha, a regular day of fasting, devotion, or other religious observance.

Synonyms

Jumu'ah holy day Shabbat Lord's Day Sabbath year uposatha

Etymology

From Middle English sabat, sabbat, sabath, from Old English sabat and Old French sabbat, both from Latin sabbatum, from Ancient Greek σάββατον (sábbaton, “Sabbath”), from Hebrew שַׁבָּת (shabát, “Sabbath”), with the spelling ending in -th, probably influenced by the traditional transliteration of the Hebrew as shabbāth, being attested since the 14th century and widespread since the 16th. Doublet of Shabbat. Possibly from the Sumerian sa-bat ("mid-rest").

Webster’s 1913

  1. noun A season or day of rest; one day in seven appointed for rest or worship, the observance of which was enjoined upon the Jews in the Decalogue, and has been continued by the Christian church with a transference of the day observed from the last to the first day of the week, which is called also Lord's Day.
  2. noun The seventh year, observed among the Israelites as one of rest and festival. Lev. xxv. 4.

Etymology [OE. sabat, sabbat, F. sabbat, L. sabbatum, Gr. shabbath, fr. shabath to rest from labor. Cf. Sabbat.]

Sources: Wiktionary · Webster’s 1913 — from the Wiktionary entry “sabbath”, CC BY-SA 4.0. Details