Klryz
Pronunciation guide: IPA symbols, stress and word endings

Vowels

iːseeɪsite / ɛbedæcat
ɑːfatherɒhot (UK)ɔːlawʊput
uːtooʌcupɜːbirdəabout
eɪdayaɪmyɔɪboyaʊnow
əʊ / oʊgo (UK / US)ɪəneareəhairʊətour

Consonants that look unusual

θthinðthisʃsheʒmeasure
tʃchurchdʒjudgeŋsingjyes

p b t d k g f v s z h m n l r w sound as in ordinary English spelling.

Marks

  • ˈ main stress, before the stressed syllable: /ˈwɔːtə/ water · ˌ lighter (secondary) stress: /ˌʌndəˈstænd/ understand
  • ː a long vowel · (r) an r said only in accents that pronounce it (most American, Scottish, Irish)

Common word endings

  • -s / -es (plurals; he/she form of verbs): /s/ after voiceless sounds (cats), /z/ after voiced (dogs), /ɪz/ after s, z, sh, ch, j sounds (buses, watches). Spelling: -es after s, x, z, ch, sh; consonant + y → -ies (city → cities).
  • -ed (past): /t/ after voiceless sounds (walked), /d/ after voiced (played), /ɪd/ after t or d (wanted). Spelling: love → loved, stop → stopped, carry → carried.
  • -ing: make → making, run → running, see → seeing.
  • Irregular: go, went, gone · be, was, been · see, saw, seen · man → men · child → children · mouse → mice.
  • Older (King James) forms: -eth = -s (he loveth = he loves) · -est with “thou” (thou lovest) · spake = spoke.

English Dictionary · 107,383 entries · Sources & licences

commonwealth

UK /ˈkɒmənˌwɛlθ/ · US /ˈkɑmənˌwɛlθ/ noun, proper noun

Forms commonwealths the Commonwealth common-wealth

  1. noun (obsolete) The well-being of a community.
  2. noun The entirety of a (secular) society, a polity, a state.
  3. noun Republic. Often capitalized, as Commonwealth.
  4. proper noun The Commonwealth of Nations, a loose confederation of nations based around the former British Empire. “Mozambique joined the Commonwealth in 1995, although it had not been a part of the British Empire.”
  5. proper noun (UK, historical) The Commonwealth of England (1649–1653); the Commonwealth of England, Scotland and Ireland (1653–1660).
  6. proper noun (Australia) Australia, the Commonwealth of Australia, often referring to its federal government. “Mr. Martin was found guilty of defrauding the Commonwealth by making false welfare claims.”
  7. proper noun (in Kentucky) Kentucky, the Commonwealth of Kentucky, often referring to its government.
  8. proper noun (in Massachusetts) Massachusetts, the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, often referring to its government.
  9. proper noun (in Pennsylvania) Pennsylvania, the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, often referring to its government.
  10. proper noun (in Virginia) Virginia, the Commonwealth of Virginia, often referring to its government.
  11. proper noun A barangay of Quezon City, Metro Manila, Philippines.
  12. proper noun A barangay of Rosario, Northern Samar, Philippines.
  13. proper noun A barangay of Aurora, Zamboanga del Sur, Philippines.

Synonyms

Protectorate Interregnum state nation country land res publica body politic democracy republic

Etymology

From common (“public”) + wealth (“well-being”).
From c. 1450 as common wele (commonweal). In the form common-wealth (common welthe) from c. 1520, used by Tyndale in the sense "secular society" in particular, for which other authors preferred publike weal.
Also from the 1520s treated as a synonym or loan-translation of res publica (republic) (Rollison 2017:67f).

Webster’s 1913

  1. noun A state; a body politic consisting of a certain number of men, united, by compact or tacit agreement, under one form of government and system of laws.
  2. noun The whole body of people in a state; the public.

Etymology [Common + wealth well-being.]

Sources: Wiktionary · WordNet 3.0 · Webster’s 1913 — from the Wiktionary entry “commonwealth”, CC BY-SA 4.0. Details