Klryz
Pronunciation guide: IPA symbols, stress and word endings

Vowels

iːseeɪsite / ɛbedæcat
ɑːfatherɒhot (UK)ɔːlawʊput
uːtooʌcupɜːbirdəabout
eɪdayaɪmyɔɪboyaʊnow
əʊ / oʊgo (UK / US)ɪəneareəhairʊətour

Consonants that look unusual

θthinðthisʃsheʒmeasure
tʃchurchdʒjudgeŋsingjyes

p b t d k g f v s z h m n l r w sound as in ordinary English spelling.

Marks

  • ˈ main stress, before the stressed syllable: /ˈwɔːtə/ water · ˌ lighter (secondary) stress: /ˌʌndəˈstænd/ understand
  • ː a long vowel · (r) an r said only in accents that pronounce it (most American, Scottish, Irish)

Common word endings

  • -s / -es (plurals; he/she form of verbs): /s/ after voiceless sounds (cats), /z/ after voiced (dogs), /ɪz/ after s, z, sh, ch, j sounds (buses, watches). Spelling: -es after s, x, z, ch, sh; consonant + y → -ies (city → cities).
  • -ed (past): /t/ after voiceless sounds (walked), /d/ after voiced (played), /ɪd/ after t or d (wanted). Spelling: love → loved, stop → stopped, carry → carried.
  • -ing: make → making, run → running, see → seeing.
  • Irregular: go, went, gone · be, was, been · see, saw, seen · man → men · child → children · mouse → mice.
  • Older (King James) forms: -eth = -s (he loveth = he loves) · -est with “thou” (thou lovest) · spake = spoke.

English Dictionary · 107,383 entries · Sources & licences

pollution

UK /pəˈljuːʃən/ · US /pəˈluʃən/ noun

Forms pollutions

  1. noun Physical contamination, now especially the contamination of the environment by harmful substances, or by disruptive levels of noise, light etc. “Pollution levels are almost always higher in cities rather than the countryside, what with the cars, industry and so on.”
  2. noun Something that pollutes; a pollutant.
  3. noun (now rare) The desecration of something holy or sacred; defilement, profanation.
  4. noun (now archaic) The ejaculation of semen outside of sexual intercourse, especially a nocturnal emission.
  5. noun Moral or spiritual corruption; impurity, degradation, defilement.

Synonyms

defedation defilement soilage adulteration contamination sophistication adulterant contaminant impurity sophisticant adulterator contaminator pollutant taint debasement debauchment perversion abasement corruption depravation befoulment

Antonyms

conservation purity

Etymology

From Middle English pollucioun, pollucion (“desecration, impurity”), from Anglo-Norman pollutiun, Middle French pollution, pollucion, and their source, post-classical Latin pollūtiō (“defilement, desecration; nocturnal emission”) (4th century), from the participial stem of polluō (“to soil, defile, contaminate”), from por- (“before”) + -luō (“to smear”), related to lutum (“mud”) and luēs (“filth”). Compare Ancient Greek λῦμα (lûma, “filth, dirt, disgrace”) and λῦμαξ (lûmax, “rubbish, refuse”), Old Irish loth (“mud, dirt”), Lithuanian lutynas (“pool, puddle”). By surface analysis, pollute + -ion.

Webster’s 1913

  1. noun The act of polluting, or the state of being polluted (in any sense of the verb); defilement; uncleanness; impurity.
  2. noun The emission of semen, or sperm, at other times than in sexual intercourse. Dunglison.

Etymology [L. pollutio: cf. F. pollution.]

Sources: Wiktionary · WordNet 3.0 · Webster’s 1913 — from the Wiktionary entry “pollution”, CC BY-SA 4.0. Details

Sanskrit

Sanskrit dictionary entries whose meaning includes “pollution” (best matches first).