Pronunciation guide: IPA symbols, stress and word endings

Vowels

iː	see	ɪ	sit	e / ɛ	bed	æ	cat
ɑː	father	ɒ	hot (UK)	ɔː	law	ʊ	put
uː	too	ʌ	cup	ɜː	bird	ə	about
eɪ	day	aɪ	my	ɔɪ	boy	aʊ	now
əʊ / oʊ	go (UK / US)	ɪə	near	eə	hair	ʊə	tour

Consonants that look unusual

θ	thin	ð	this	ʃ	she	ʒ	measure
tʃ	church	dʒ	judge	ŋ	sing	j	yes

p b t d k g f v s z h m n l r w sound as in ordinary English spelling.

Marks

ˈ main stress, before the stressed syllable: /ˈwɔːtə/ water · ˌ lighter (secondary) stress: /ˌʌndəˈstænd/ understand
ː a long vowel · (r) an r said only in accents that pronounce it (most American, Scottish, Irish)

Common word endings

-s / -es (plurals; he/she form of verbs): /s/ after voiceless sounds (cats), /z/ after voiced (dogs), /ɪz/ after s, z, sh, ch, j sounds (buses, watches). Spelling: -es after s, x, z, ch, sh; consonant + y → -ies (city → cities).
-ed (past): /t/ after voiceless sounds (walked), /d/ after voiced (played), /ɪd/ after t or d (wanted). Spelling: love → loved, stop → stopped, carry → carried.
-ing: make → making, run → running, see → seeing.
Irregular: go, went, gone · be, was, been · see, saw, seen · man → men · child → children · mouse → mice.
Older (King James) forms: -eth = -s (he loveth = he loves) · -est with “thou” (thou lovest) · spake = spoke.

English Dictionary · 107,383 entries · Sources & licences

scholar

UK /ˈskɒlə/ · US /ˈskɑlɚ/ noun

Forms scholars

noun A student; one who studies at school or college, typically having a scholarship.
noun A specialist in a particular branch of knowledge.
noun A learned person; a bookman.
noun (Singapore) Someone who received a prestigious scholarship.

Synonyms

student pupil expert specialist academic learned person savant scholarly person erudite bookman learner assimilator

Etymology

From Middle English scolar, scolare, scoler, scolere (also scholer), from Old English scōlere (“scholar, learner”), from Late Latin scholāris, from schola (“school”), from Ancient Greek σχολή (skholḗ, “spare time, leisure", later, "conversations and the knowledge gained through them during free time; the places where these conversations took place”), equivalent to school + -ar. Doublet of schooler, Schuyler, and escolar. Compare Saterland Frisian Sköiler, Middle Low German schö̂lære, schö̂lere, schö̂ler (> modern German Low German Schöler), Dutch scholier, German Schüler.

Webster’s 1913

noun One who attends a school; one who learns of a teacher; one under the tuition of a preceptor; a pupil; a disciple; a learner; a student.
noun One engaged in the pursuits of learning; a learned person; one versed in many branches, of knowledge; a person of high literary or scientific attainments; a savant. Shak. Locke.

Etymology [OE. scoler, AS. scolere, fr. L. scholaris belonging to a school, fr. schola a school. See School.]

Sources: Wiktionary · WordNet 3.0 · Webster’s 1913 — from the Wiktionary entry “scholar”, CC BY-SA 4.0. Details

Sanskrit

Sanskrit dictionary entries whose meaning includes “scholar” (best matches first).

प्राचार्य prācārya a pupil, scholar (?).
रुदथ rudatha a child, a pupil, scholar; a dog; a cock.
छान्दसीय chāndasīya metrical, familiar with metres, a metrical scholar.
सूरिन् sūrin wise, learned; ( ī ), m. a wise or learned man, scholar.
प्रज्ञिन् prajñin wise, prudent; ( ī ), m. a wise or learned man, sage, scholar.
प्रशिष्य pra-śiṣya the disciple of a disciple, scholar of a scholar, pupil of a pupil.
कापटिक kāpaṭika fraudulent, dishonest; wicked, perverse, bad; ( as ), m. a flatterer, a parasite; a student, a scholar.
शिष्य śiṣya to be taught, docile; ( as ), m. a scholar, pupil, disciple, ( ku-śiṣya, a bad or wicked pupil); passion, an…

All 42 Sanskrit matches →