Klryz
Pronunciation guide: IPA symbols, stress and word endings

Vowels

iːseeɪsite / ɛbedæcat
ɑːfatherɒhot (UK)ɔːlawʊput
uːtooʌcupɜːbirdəabout
eɪdayaɪmyɔɪboyaʊnow
əʊ / oʊgo (UK / US)ɪəneareəhairʊətour

Consonants that look unusual

θthinðthisʃsheʒmeasure
tʃchurchdʒjudgeŋsingjyes

p b t d k g f v s z h m n l r w sound as in ordinary English spelling.

Marks

  • ˈ main stress, before the stressed syllable: /ˈwɔːtə/ water · ˌ lighter (secondary) stress: /ˌʌndəˈstænd/ understand
  • ː a long vowel · (r) an r said only in accents that pronounce it (most American, Scottish, Irish)

Common word endings

  • -s / -es (plurals; he/she form of verbs): /s/ after voiceless sounds (cats), /z/ after voiced (dogs), /ɪz/ after s, z, sh, ch, j sounds (buses, watches). Spelling: -es after s, x, z, ch, sh; consonant + y → -ies (city → cities).
  • -ed (past): /t/ after voiceless sounds (walked), /d/ after voiced (played), /ɪd/ after t or d (wanted). Spelling: love → loved, stop → stopped, carry → carried.
  • -ing: make → making, run → running, see → seeing.
  • Irregular: go, went, gone · be, was, been · see, saw, seen · man → men · child → children · mouse → mice.
  • Older (King James) forms: -eth = -s (he loveth = he loves) · -est with “thou” (thou lovest) · spake = spoke.

English Dictionary · 107,383 entries · Sources & licences

“undermined” is a form of

undermine

UK /ˌʌn.dəˈmaɪn/ · US /ˌʌn.dɚˈmaɪn/ verb

Forms undermines undermining undermined

  1. verb To dig underneath (something), to make a passage for destructive or military purposes; to sap.
  2. verb (figuratively) To weaken or work against; to hinder, sabotage. “The war efforts were undermined by the constant bickering between the allies.”
  3. verb To erode the base or foundation of something, e.g. by the action of water.
  4. verb (philosophy) To regard an object as the sum of the parts that compose it, in object-oriented ontology.

Synonyms

corrode undercut sabotage countermine counteract subvert weaken cave

Antonyms

undergird

Etymology

From under- + mine.

Webster’s 1913

  1. verb To excavate the earth beneath, or the part of, especially for the purpose of causing to fall or be overthrown; to form a mine under; to sap; as, to undermine a wall.
  2. verb Fig.: To remove the foundation or support of by clandestine means; to ruin in an underhand way; as, to undermine reputation; to undermine the constitution of the state.

Sources: Wiktionary · WordNet 3.0 · Webster’s 1913 — from the Wiktionary entry “undermine”, CC BY-SA 4.0. Details