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Numbered Discourses 3 37 अङ्गुत्तर 3 37

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Catumahārājasutta

Pāli in Devanagari; under each word its Roman pronunciation, syllable by syllable (ṃ = nasal hum). Tap a Pāli word for its meaning (PTS Pāli-English Dictionary); tap again to open it in the Pāli dictionary.

Verse: 123456789101112131415161718192021222324252627282930313233343536373839 · Hide pronunciation

  1. 1

    अङ्गुत्तरaṅ·gut·ta·ra निकायni·kā·ya 3।37

    Aṅguttara Nikāya 3.37

    Numbered Discourses 3.37

  2. 2

    4। देवदूतवग्गde·va·dū·ta·vag·ga

    4. Devadūtavagga

    4. Messengers of the Gods

  3. 3

    चतुमहाराजसुत्तca·tu·ma·hā·rā·ja·sut·ta

    Catumahārājasutta

    The Four Great Kings (1st)

  4. 4

    “अट्ठमियं,aṭ·ṭha·mi·yaṃ भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve पक्खस्सpak·khas·sa चतुन्नंca·tun·naṃ महाराजानंma·hā·rā·jā·naṃ अमच्चाa·mac·cā पारिसज्जाpā·ri·saj·jā इमंi·maṃ लोकंlo·kaṃ अनुविचरन्ति:a·nu·vi·ca·ran·ti

    “Aṭṭhamiyaṁ, bhikkhave, pakkhassa catunnaṁ mahārājānaṁ amaccā pārisajjā imaṁ lokaṁ anuvicaranti:

    “On the eighth day of the fortnight, mendicants, the ministers and councillors of the four great kings wander about the world, thinking:

  5. 5

    ‘कच्चिkac·ci बहूba·hū मनुस्साma·nus·sā मनुस्सेसुma·nus·se·su मत्तेय्याmat·tey·yā पेत्तेय्याpet·tey·yā सामञ्ञाsā·mañ·ñā ब्रह्मञ्ञाbrah·mañ·ñā कुलेku·le जेट्ठापचायिनोjeṭ·ṭhā·pa·cā·yi·no उपोसथंu·po·sa·thaṃ उपवसन्तिu·pa·va·san·ti पटिजागरोन्तिpa·ṭi·jā·ga·ron·ti पुञ्ञानिpuñ·ñā·ni करोन्ती’ति।ka·ron·tī

    ‘kacci bahū manussā manussesu matteyyā petteyyā sāmaññā brahmaññā kule jeṭṭhāpacāyino uposathaṁ upavasanti paṭijāgaronti puññāni karontī’ti.

    ‘Hopefully most humans are paying due respect to their parents, ascetics and brahmins, honoring the elders in their families, observing and keeping vigil on the sabbath, and making merit.’

  6. 6

    चातुद्दसिं,cā·tud·da·siṃ भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve पक्खस्सpak·khas·sa चतुन्नंca·tun·naṃ महाराजानंma·hā·rā·jā·naṃ पुत्ताput·tā इमंi·maṃ लोकंlo·kaṃ अनुविचरन्ति:a·nu·vi·ca·ran·ti

    Cātuddasiṁ, bhikkhave, pakkhassa catunnaṁ mahārājānaṁ puttā imaṁ lokaṁ anuvicaranti:

    And on the fourteenth day of the fortnight, the sons of the four great kings wander about the world, thinking:

  7. 7

    ‘कच्चिkac·ci बहूba·hū मनुस्साma·nus·sā मनुस्सेसुma·nus·se·su मत्तेय्याmat·tey·yā पेत्तेय्याpet·tey·yā सामञ्ञाsā·mañ·ñā ब्रह्मञ्ञाbrah·mañ·ñā कुलेku·le जेट्ठापचायिनोjeṭ·ṭhā·pa·cā·yi·no उपोसथंu·po·sa·thaṃ उपवसन्तिu·pa·va·san·ti पटिजागरोन्तिpa·ṭi·jā·ga·ron·ti पुञ्ञानिpuñ·ñā·ni करोन्ती’ति।ka·ron·tī

    ‘kacci bahū manussā manussesu matteyyā petteyyā sāmaññā brahmaññā kule jeṭṭhāpacāyino uposathaṁ upavasanti paṭijāgaronti puññāni karontī’ti.

    ‘Hopefully most humans are paying due respect to their parents … and making merit.’

  8. 8

    तदहु,ta·da·hu भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve उपोसथेu·po·sa·the पन्नरसेpan·na·ra·se चत्तारोcat·tā·ro महाराजानोma·hā·rā·jā·no सामञ्ञेवsā·mañ·ñe·va इमंi·maṃ लोकंlo·kaṃ अनुविचरन्ति:a·nu·vi·ca·ran·ti

    Tadahu, bhikkhave, uposathe pannarase cattāro mahārājāno sāmaññeva imaṁ lokaṁ anuvicaranti:

    And on the fifteenth day sabbath, the four great kings themselves wander about the world, thinking:

  9. 9

    ‘कच्चिkac·ci बहूba·hū मनुस्साma·nus·sā मनुस्सेसुma·nus·se·su मत्तेय्याmat·tey·yā पेत्तेय्याpet·tey·yā सामञ्ञाsā·mañ·ñā ब्रह्मञ्ञाbrah·mañ·ñā कुलेku·le जेट्ठापचायिनोjeṭ·ṭhā·pa·cā·yi·no उपोसथंu·po·sa·thaṃ उपवसन्तिu·pa·va·san·ti पटिजागरोन्तिpa·ṭi·jā·ga·ron·ti पुञ्ञानिpuñ·ñā·ni करोन्ती’ति।ka·ron·tī

    ‘kacci bahū manussā manussesu matteyyā petteyyā sāmaññā brahmaññā kule jeṭṭhāpacāyino uposathaṁ upavasanti paṭijāgaronti puññāni karontī’ti.

    ‘Hopefully most humans are paying due respect to their parents … and making merit.’

  10. 10

    सचे,sa·ce भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve अप्पकाap·pa·kā होन्तिhon·ti मनुस्साma·nus·sā मनुस्सेसुma·nus·se·su मत्तेय्याmat·tey·yā पेत्तेय्याpet·tey·yā सामञ्ञाsā·mañ·ñā ब्रह्मञ्ञाbrah·mañ·ñā कुलेku·le जेट्ठापचायिनोjeṭ·ṭhā·pa·cā·yi·no उपोसथंu·po·sa·thaṃ उपवसन्तिu·pa·va·san·ti पटिजागरोन्तिpa·ṭi·jā·ga·ron·ti पुञ्ञानिpuñ·ñā·ni करोन्ति।ka·ron·ti

    Sace, bhikkhave, appakā honti manussā manussesu matteyyā petteyyā sāmaññā brahmaññā kule jeṭṭhāpacāyino uposathaṁ upavasanti paṭijāgaronti puññāni karonti.

    If only a few humans are paying due respect to their parents … and making merit,

  11. 11

    तमेनं,ta·me·naṃ भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve चत्तारोcat·tā·ro महाराजानोma·hā·rā·jā·no देवानंde·vā·naṃ तावतिंसानंtā·va·tiṃ·sā·naṃ सुधम्मायsu·dham·mā·ya सभायsa·bhā·ya सन्निसिन्नानंsan·ni·sin·nā·naṃ सन्निपतितानंsan·ni·pa·ti·tā·naṃ आरोचेन्ति:ā·ro·cen·ti

    Tamenaṁ, bhikkhave, cattāro mahārājāno devānaṁ tāvatiṁsānaṁ sudhammāya sabhāya sannisinnānaṁ sannipatitānaṁ ārocenti:

    the four great kings address the gods of the thirty-three, seated together in the Hall of Clear Right:

  12. 12

    ‘अप्पकाap·pa·kā खो,kho मारिसा,mā·ri·sā मनुस्साma·nus·sā मनुस्सेसुma·nus·se·su मत्तेय्याmat·tey·yā पेत्तेय्याpet·tey·yā सामञ्ञाsā·mañ·ñā ब्रह्मञ्ञाbrah·mañ·ñā कुलेku·le जेट्ठापचायिनोjeṭ·ṭhā·pa·cā·yi·no उपोसथंu·po·sa·thaṃ उपवसन्तिu·pa·va·san·ti पटिजागरोन्तिpa·ṭi·jā·ga·ron·ti पुञ्ञानिpuñ·ñā·ni करोन्ती’ति।ka·ron·tī

    ‘appakā kho, mārisā, manussā manussesu matteyyā petteyyā sāmaññā brahmaññā kule jeṭṭhāpacāyino uposathaṁ upavasanti paṭijāgaronti puññāni karontī’ti.

    ‘Only a few humans are paying due respect to their parents … and making merit.’

  13. 13

    तेनte·na खो,kho भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve देवाde·vā तावतिंसाtā·va·tiṃ·sā अनत्तमनाa·nat·ta·ma·nā होन्ति:hon·ti

    Tena kho, bhikkhave, devā tāvatiṁsā anattamanā honti:

    Then the gods of the thirty-three are disappointed, thinking,

  14. 14

    ‘दिब्बाdib·bā वत,va·ta भो,bho कायाkā·yā परिहायिस्सन्ति,pa·ri·hā·yis·san·ti परिपूरिस्सन्तिpa·ri·pū·ris·san·ti असुरकाया’ति।a·su·ra·kā·yā

    ‘dibbā vata, bho, kāyā parihāyissanti, paripūrissanti asurakāyā’ti.

    ‘The heavenly hosts will dwindle, while the titan hosts will swell!’

  15. 15

    सचेsa·ce पन,pa·na भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve बहूba·hū होन्तिhon·ti मनुस्साma·nus·sā मनुस्सेसुma·nus·se·su मत्तेय्याmat·tey·yā पेत्तेय्याpet·tey·yā सामञ्ञाsā·mañ·ñā ब्रह्मञ्ञाbrah·mañ·ñā कुलेku·le जेट्ठापचायिनोjeṭ·ṭhā·pa·cā·yi·no उपोसथंu·po·sa·thaṃ उपवसन्तिu·pa·va·san·ti पटिजागरोन्तिpa·ṭi·jā·ga·ron·ti पुञ्ञानिpuñ·ñā·ni करोन्ति।ka·ron·ti

    Sace pana, bhikkhave, bahū honti manussā manussesu matteyyā petteyyā sāmaññā brahmaññā kule jeṭṭhāpacāyino uposathaṁ upavasanti paṭijāgaronti puññāni karonti.

    But if many humans are paying due respect to their parents … and making merit,

  16. 16

    तमेनं,ta·me·naṃ भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve चत्तारोcat·tā·ro महाराजानोma·hā·rā·jā·no देवानंde·vā·naṃ तावतिंसानंtā·va·tiṃ·sā·naṃ सुधम्मायsu·dham·mā·ya सभायsa·bhā·ya सन्निसिन्नानंsan·ni·sin·nā·naṃ सन्निपतितानंsan·ni·pa·ti·tā·naṃ आरोचेन्ति:ā·ro·cen·ti

    Tamenaṁ, bhikkhave, cattāro mahārājāno devānaṁ tāvatiṁsānaṁ sudhammāya sabhāya sannisinnānaṁ sannipatitānaṁ ārocenti:

    the four great kings address the gods of the thirty-three, seated together in the Hall of Clear Right:

  17. 17

    ‘बहूba·hū खो,kho मारिसा,mā·ri·sā मनुस्साma·nus·sā मनुस्सेसुma·nus·se·su मत्तेय्याmat·tey·yā पेत्तेय्याpet·tey·yā सामञ्ञाsā·mañ·ñā ब्रह्मञ्ञाbrah·mañ·ñā कुलेku·le जेट्ठापचायिनोjeṭ·ṭhā·pa·cā·yi·no उपोसथंu·po·sa·thaṃ उपवसन्तिu·pa·va·san·ti पटिजागरोन्तिpa·ṭi·jā·ga·ron·ti पुञ्ञानिpuñ·ñā·ni करोन्ती’ति।ka·ron·tī

    ‘bahū kho, mārisā, manussā manussesu matteyyā petteyyā sāmaññā brahmaññā kule jeṭṭhāpacāyino uposathaṁ upavasanti paṭijāgaronti puññāni karontī’ti.

    ‘Many humans are paying due respect to their parents … and making merit.’

  18. 18

    तेन,te·na भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve देवाde·vā तावतिंसाtā·va·tiṃ·sā अत्तमनाat·ta·ma·nā होन्ति:hon·ti

    Tena, bhikkhave, devā tāvatiṁsā attamanā honti:

    Then the gods of the thirty-three are pleased, thinking,

  19. 19

    ‘दिब्बाdib·bā वतva·ta भोbho कायाkā·yā परिपूरिस्सन्ति,pa·ri·pū·ris·san·ti परिहायिस्सन्तिpa·ri·hā·yis·san·ti असुरकाया’ति।a·su·ra·kā·yā

    ‘dibbā vata bho kāyā paripūrissanti, parihāyissanti asurakāyā’ti.

    ‘The heavenly hosts will swell, while the titan hosts will dwindle!’

  20. 20

    भूतपुब्बं,bhū·ta·pub·baṃ भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve सक्कोsak·ko देवानमिन्दोde·vā·na·min·do देवेde·ve तावतिंसेtā·va·tiṃ·se अनुनयमानोa·nu·na·ya·mā·no तायंtā·yaṃ वेलायंve·lā·yaṃ इमंi·maṃ गाथंgā·thaṃ अभासि:a·bhā·si

    Bhūtapubbaṁ, bhikkhave, sakko devānamindo deve tāvatiṁse anunayamāno tāyaṁ velāyaṁ imaṁ gāthaṁ abhāsi:

    Once upon a time, Sakka, lord of gods, guiding the gods of the thirty-three, spoke this verse:

  21. 21

    ‘चातुद्दसिंcā·tud·da·siṃ पञ्चदसिं,pañ·ca·da·siṃ

    ‘Cātuddasiṁ pañcadasiṁ,

    ‘Whoever wants to be like me

  22. 22

    याyā चca पक्खस्सpak·khas·sa अट्ठमी;aṭ·ṭha·mī

    yā ca pakkhassa aṭṭhamī;

    would observe the sabbath

  23. 23

    पाटिहारियपक्खञ्च,pā·ṭi·hā·ri·ya·pak·khañ·ca

    Pāṭihāriyapakkhañca,

    complete in all eight factors,

  24. 24

    अट्ठङ्गसुसमागतं;aṭ·ṭhaṅ·ga·su·sa·mā·ga·taṃ

    aṭṭhaṅgasusamāgataṁ;

    on the fourteenth and the fifteenth days,

  25. 25

    उपोसथंu·po·sa·thaṃ उपवसेय्य,u·pa·va·sey·ya

    Uposathaṁ upavaseyya,

    and the eighth day of the fortnight,

  26. 26

    योपिस्सyo·pis·sa मादिसोmā·di·so नरो’ति।na·ro

    yopissa mādiso naro’ti.

    as well as on the fortnightly special displays.’

  27. 27

    साsā खोkho पनेसा,pa·ne·sā भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve सक्केनsak·ke·na देवानमिन्देनde·vā·na·min·de·na गाथाgā·thā दुग्गीताdug·gī·tā नna सुगीताsu·gī·tā दुब्भासिताdub·bhā·si·tā नna सुभासिता।su·bhā·si·tā

    Sā kho panesā, bhikkhave, sakkena devānamindena gāthā duggītā na sugītā dubbhāsitā na subhāsitā.

    But that verse was poorly sung by Sakka, lord of gods, not well sung; poorly spoken, not well spoken.

  28. 28

    तंtaṃ किस्सkis·sa हेतु?he·tu

    Taṁ kissa hetu?

    Why is that?

  29. 29

    सक्कोsak·ko हि,hi भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve देवानमिन्दोde·vā·na·min·do अवीतरागोa·vī·ta·rā·go अवीतदोसोa·vī·ta·do·so अवीतमोहो।a·vī·ta·mo·ho

    Sakko hi, bhikkhave, devānamindo avītarāgo avītadoso avītamoho.

    Because Sakka, lord of gods, is not free of greed, hate, and delusion.

  30. 30

    योyo चca खोkho सो,so भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve भिक्खुbhik·khu अरहंa·ra·haṃ खीणासवोkhī·ṇā·sa·vo वुसितवाvu·si·ta·vā ब्रह्मचरियोbrah·ma·ca·ri·yo कतकरणीयोka·ta·ka·ra·ṇī·yo ओहितभारोo·hi·ta·bhā·ro अनुप्पत्तसदत्थोa·nup·pat·ta·sa·dat·tho परिक्खीणभवसंयोजनोpa·rik·khī·ṇa·bha·va·saṃ·yo·ja·no सम्मदञ्ञाविमुत्तो,sam·ma·dañ·ñā·vi·mut·to तस्सtas·sa खोkho एतं,e·taṃ भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve भिक्खुनोbhik·khu·no कल्लंkal·laṃ वचनाय:va·ca·nā·ya

    Yo ca kho so, bhikkhave, bhikkhu arahaṁ khīṇāsavo vusitavā brahmacariyo katakaraṇīyo ohitabhāro anuppattasadattho parikkhīṇabhavasaṁyojano sammadaññāvimutto, tassa kho etaṁ, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno kallaṁ vacanāya:

    But for a mendicant who is perfected—with defilements ended, who has completed the spiritual journey, done what had to be done, laid down the burden, achieved their heart’s goal, utterly ended the fetter of continued existence, and is rightly freed through enlightenment—it is appropriate to say:

  31. 31

    ‘चातुद्दसिंcā·tud·da·siṃ पञ्चदसिं,pañ·ca·da·siṃ

    ‘Cātuddasiṁ pañcadasiṁ,

    ‘Whoever wants to be like me

  32. 32

    याyā चca पक्खस्सpak·khas·sa अट्ठमी;aṭ·ṭha·mī

    yā ca pakkhassa aṭṭhamī;

    would observe the sabbath,

  33. 33

    पाटिहारियपक्खञ्च,pā·ṭi·hā·ri·ya·pak·khañ·ca

    Pāṭihāriyapakkhañca,

    complete in all eight factors,

  34. 34

    अट्ठङ्गसुसमागतं;aṭ·ṭhaṅ·ga·su·sa·mā·ga·taṃ

    aṭṭhaṅgasusamāgataṁ;

    on the fourteenth and the fifteenth days,

  35. 35

    उपोसथंu·po·sa·thaṃ उपवसेय्य,u·pa·va·sey·ya

    Uposathaṁ upavaseyya,

    and the eighth day of the fortnight,

  36. 36

    योपिस्सyo·pis·sa मादिसोmā·di·so नरो’ति।na·ro

    yopissa mādiso naro’ti.

    as well as on the fortnightly special displays.’

  37. 37

    तंtaṃ किस्सkis·sa हेतु?he·tu

    Taṁ kissa hetu?

    Why is that?

  38. 38

    सोso हि,hi भिक्खवे,bhik·kha·ve भिक्खुbhik·khu वीतरागोvī·ta·rā·go वीतदोसोvī·ta·do·so वीतमोहो”ति।vī·ta·mo·ho

    So hi, bhikkhave, bhikkhu vītarāgo vītadoso vītamoho”ti.

    Because that mendicant is free of greed, hate, and delusion.”

  39. 39

    सत्तमं।sat·ta·maṃ

    Sattamaṁ.

    (Pāli only)

Sources. Sanskrit: Satyavedaḥ, the New Testament in Sanskrit (Calcutta Baptist Missionaries, 1851; J. Wenger’s revision of W. Carey’s version). Digital text © 2018 SanskritBible.in, via eBible.org, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0; changed here: arranged by verse and every word linked to the dictionary (links made automatically). Old Testament Sanskrit: the Old Testament in Sanskrit, Calcutta Baptist Mission Press, 1848–1852 (public domain), read by OCR from the Internet Archive scans of the Boston University School of Theology copy; unproofread, with machine clean-up only. Pāli Canon: Mahāsaṅgīti Tipiṭaka Buddhavasse 2500 (based on the Vipassana Research Institute’s Chaṭṭha Saṅgāyana edition), from SuttaCentral bilara-data, CC0; Devanagari and pronunciation made automatically from the Roman text. Pāli English: Bhikkhu Sujato (suttas) and Bhikkhu Brahmali (Vinaya), SuttaCentral, CC0. Pāli word meanings: the Pali Text Society’s Pali-English Dictionary (Rhys Davids & Stede), corrected reprint © The Pali Text Society, CC BY-NC 3.0, digital text from BuddhaDust; word matching automatic. English: King James Version (1769), public domain; words the translators added are in italics. Word meanings and pronunciations: Monier-Williams, Sanskrit–English Dictionary (1872), via this site’s Sanskrit dictionary (CC BY-SA 4.0); English↔Sanskrit word matches made automatically and may need checking.