Klryz
Pronunciation guide: IPA symbols, stress and word endings

Vowels

iːseeɪsite / ɛbedæcat
ɑːfatherɒhot (UK)ɔːlawʊput
uːtooʌcupɜːbirdəabout
eɪdayaɪmyɔɪboyaʊnow
əʊ / oʊgo (UK / US)ɪəneareəhairʊətour

Consonants that look unusual

θthinðthisʃsheʒmeasure
tʃchurchdʒjudgeŋsingjyes

p b t d k g f v s z h m n l r w sound as in ordinary English spelling.

Marks

  • ˈ main stress, before the stressed syllable: /ˈwɔːtə/ water · ˌ lighter (secondary) stress: /ˌʌndəˈstænd/ understand
  • ː a long vowel · (r) an r said only in accents that pronounce it (most American, Scottish, Irish)

Common word endings

  • -s / -es (plurals; he/she form of verbs): /s/ after voiceless sounds (cats), /z/ after voiced (dogs), /ɪz/ after s, z, sh, ch, j sounds (buses, watches). Spelling: -es after s, x, z, ch, sh; consonant + y → -ies (city → cities).
  • -ed (past): /t/ after voiceless sounds (walked), /d/ after voiced (played), /ɪd/ after t or d (wanted). Spelling: love → loved, stop → stopped, carry → carried.
  • -ing: make → making, run → running, see → seeing.
  • Irregular: go, went, gone · be, was, been · see, saw, seen · man → men · child → children · mouse → mice.
  • Older (King James) forms: -eth = -s (he loveth = he loves) · -est with “thou” (thou lovest) · spake = spoke.

English Dictionary · 107,383 entries · Sources & licences

virus

/ˈvaɪ.ɹəs/ noun, verb

Forms viruses virusses vira viri virii virusing virused

  1. noun A submicroscopic, non-cellular structure that consists of a core of DNA or RNA surrounded by a protein coat, that requires a living host cell to replicate, and that sometimes causes disease in the host organism (such agents are often classed as nonliving infectious particles and less often as microorganisms).
  2. noun A species thereof. “Some viruses, such as norovirus, cause sporadic outbreaks of gastroenteritis.”
  3. noun (occasionally proscribed) An individual particle thereof: synonym of virion. “Under electron microscopy, a few viruses were seen floating near the cells.”
  4. noun (uncountable) A quantity of such infectious agents, considered en masse. “Not much virus was detectable on a nucleic acid test; the viral load was very low.”
  5. noun (informal, metonymic) A disease caused by such an infectious agent; a viral illness. “He's got a virus and had to stay home from school.”
  6. noun (archaic) Venom, as produced by a poisonous animal etc.
  7. noun (computing) A type of malware which can covertly transmit itself between computers via networks (especially the Internet) or removable storage such as disks by inserting its code into other executable files, often causing damage to systems and data; also computer virus.
  8. noun (computing, proscribed) Any type of malware.
  9. verb (nonstandard, rare) To send or infect an electronic device with a computer virus. “I'm just going to virus anyone who tries cheating on this game.”

Synonyms

computer virus

Etymology

From Middle English virus, from Latin vīrus (“poison, slime, venom”), via rhotacism from Proto-Italic *weizos, from Proto-Indo-European *wisós (“fluidity, slime, poison”). First use in the computer context by David Gerrold in his 1972 book When HARLIE Was One.

Webster’s 1913

  1. noun (a) Contagious or poisonous matter, as of specific ulcers, the bite of snakes, etc.; --applied to organic poisons.
  2. noun Fig.: Any morbid corrupting quality in intellectual or moral conditions; something that poisons the mind or the soul; as, the virus of obscene books.

Etymology [L., a slimy liquid, a poisonous liquid, poison, stench; akin to Gr. visha. Cf. Wizen, v. i.]

Sources: Wiktionary · WordNet 3.0 · Webster’s 1913 — from the Wiktionary entry “virus”, CC BY-SA 4.0. Details