Klryz
Pronunciation guide: IPA symbols, stress and word endings

Vowels

iːseeɪsite / ɛbedæcat
ɑːfatherɒhot (UK)ɔːlawʊput
uːtooʌcupɜːbirdəabout
eɪdayaɪmyɔɪboyaʊnow
əʊ / oʊgo (UK / US)ɪəneareəhairʊətour

Consonants that look unusual

θthinðthisʃsheʒmeasure
tʃchurchdʒjudgeŋsingjyes

p b t d k g f v s z h m n l r w sound as in ordinary English spelling.

Marks

  • ˈ main stress, before the stressed syllable: /ˈwɔːtə/ water · ˌ lighter (secondary) stress: /ˌʌndəˈstænd/ understand
  • ː a long vowel · (r) an r said only in accents that pronounce it (most American, Scottish, Irish)

Common word endings

  • -s / -es (plurals; he/she form of verbs): /s/ after voiceless sounds (cats), /z/ after voiced (dogs), /ɪz/ after s, z, sh, ch, j sounds (buses, watches). Spelling: -es after s, x, z, ch, sh; consonant + y → -ies (city → cities).
  • -ed (past): /t/ after voiceless sounds (walked), /d/ after voiced (played), /ɪd/ after t or d (wanted). Spelling: love → loved, stop → stopped, carry → carried.
  • -ing: make → making, run → running, see → seeing.
  • Irregular: go, went, gone · be, was, been · see, saw, seen · man → men · child → children · mouse → mice.
  • Older (King James) forms: -eth = -s (he loveth = he loves) · -est with “thou” (thou lovest) · spake = spoke.

English Dictionary · 107,383 entries · Sources & licences

welsh

UK /wɛlʃ/ · US /ˈwɛlʃ/ verb, adjective, noun, proper noun

Also a form of welch

Forms welshes welshing welshed welch

  1. verb (derogatory, sometimes offensive, transitive) To cheat or swindle someone, often by not paying a debt, especially a gambling debt.
  2. verb (derogatory, sometimes offensive, transitive) To go back on one's word.
  3. adjective (obsolete) Foreign.
  4. adjective Of or pertaining to Wales.
  5. adjective Of or pertaining to the Celtic language of Wales.
  6. adjective Designating plants or animals from or associated with Wales.
  7. adjective (now historical) Indigenously British; pertaining to the Celtic peoples who inhabited much of Britain before the Roman occupation.
  8. noun (collectively, in the plural) The people of Wales.
  9. noun A breed of pig, kept mainly for bacon.
  10. proper noun (uncountable) The Welsh language.
  11. proper noun An English and Scottish surname transferred from the nickname for someone who was a Welshman or a Celt.
  12. proper noun An Irish surname, a variant of Walsh.
  13. proper noun A town in Louisiana, United States, named for early landowner Henry Welsh.
  14. proper noun An unincorporated community in Ohio, United States, named for an early settler.

Synonyms

Walian Cambrian Cymric Welshy Welshie Welshman Cymraeg Kymric Cymry Welsh Black welch

Etymology

Sometimes held to derive from disparaging stereotypes about the Welsh, though firm evidence of this derivation is lacking. Compare gyp (“swindle”), probably from Gypsy, and jew (“defraud”), from Jew.

Inherited from Old English welise (“foreign”).

From Middle English Walsch, Welische, from Anglian Old English wǣlisċ (“Briton; Roman; Celt”), from Proto-West Germanic *walhisk, from Proto-Germanic *walhiskaz (“Celt; later Roman”) (thus cognate with German welsch, Dutch Waals, Danish vælsk, Old Norse valskr), from *walhaz (“Celt, Roman”) (compare Old English wealh), from the name of the Gaulish tribe, the Volcae (recorded only in Latin contexts).
This word was borrowed from Germanic into Slavic (compare Old Church Slavonic Влахъ (Vlaxŭ, “Vlachs, Romanians”), Byzantine Greek Βλάχος (Blákhos)).
Doublet of Vellish. Compare Walloon, walnut, Vlach, Walach, Gaul, Cornwall.

Webster’s 1913

  1. adjective Of or pertaining to Wales, or its inhabitants. [Sometimes written also Welch.] Welsh flannel, a fine kind of flannel made from the fleece of the flocks of the Welsh mountains, and largely manufactured by hand.
  2. noun The language of Wales, or of the Welsh people.
  3. noun pl.

Etymology [AS. wælisc, welisc, from wealh a stranger, foreigner, not of Saxon origin, a Welshman, a Celt, Gael; akin to OHG. walh, whence G. wälsch or welsch, Celtic, Welsh, Italian, French, Foreign, strange, OHG. walhisc; from the name of a Celtic tribe. See Walnut.]

Sources: Wiktionary · WordNet 3.0 · Webster’s 1913 — from the Wiktionary entry “welsh”, CC BY-SA 4.0. Details