Klryz
Pronunciation guide: IPA symbols, stress and word endings

Vowels

iːseeɪsite / ɛbedæcat
ɑːfatherɒhot (UK)ɔːlawʊput
uːtooʌcupɜːbirdəabout
eɪdayaɪmyɔɪboyaʊnow
əʊ / oʊgo (UK / US)ɪəneareəhairʊətour

Consonants that look unusual

θthinðthisʃsheʒmeasure
tʃchurchdʒjudgeŋsingjyes

p b t d k g f v s z h m n l r w sound as in ordinary English spelling.

Marks

  • ˈ main stress, before the stressed syllable: /ˈwɔːtə/ water · ˌ lighter (secondary) stress: /ˌʌndəˈstænd/ understand
  • ː a long vowel · (r) an r said only in accents that pronounce it (most American, Scottish, Irish)

Common word endings

  • -s / -es (plurals; he/she form of verbs): /s/ after voiceless sounds (cats), /z/ after voiced (dogs), /ɪz/ after s, z, sh, ch, j sounds (buses, watches). Spelling: -es after s, x, z, ch, sh; consonant + y → -ies (city → cities).
  • -ed (past): /t/ after voiceless sounds (walked), /d/ after voiced (played), /ɪd/ after t or d (wanted). Spelling: love → loved, stop → stopped, carry → carried.
  • -ing: make → making, run → running, see → seeing.
  • Irregular: go, went, gone · be, was, been · see, saw, seen · man → men · child → children · mouse → mice.
  • Older (King James) forms: -eth = -s (he loveth = he loves) · -est with “thou” (thou lovest) · spake = spoke.

English Dictionary · 107,383 entries · Sources & licences

buck up

interjection, verb

Forms bucks up bucking up bucked up

  1. interjection (idiomatic) Cheer up; take courage; take heart.
  2. interjection (idiomatic, dated) Hurry up; make haste.
  3. verb (idiomatic, intransitive) To become encouraged, reinvigorated, or cheerful; to summon one's courage or spirits; to pluck up courage. “I realized I needed to buck up and tackle the problem head-on.”
  4. verb (idiomatic, transitive) To encourage; to hearten. “I knew I had to try and buck up the rest of my team as well.”
  5. verb (idiomatic, intransitive) To do better. “You better buck up or you'll never make it.”
  6. verb (idiomatic, intransitive, dated) To dress oneself up smartly; compare (obsolete) buck ("a fop, dandy")
  7. verb (idiomatic, transitive, colloquial) To pass on to higher authority for resolution. See also pass the buck. “He started bucking up everything to management when he didn't get a raise.”
  8. verb (obsolete) To hurry up.
  9. verb (idiomatic, transitive, African-American Vernacular, slang) To hit or fight (someone).

Synonyms

take heart

Sources: Wiktionary · WordNet 3.0 — from the Wiktionary entry “buck up”, CC BY-SA 4.0. Details