Klryz
Pronunciation guide: IPA symbols, stress and word endings

Vowels

iːseeɪsite / ɛbedæcat
ɑːfatherɒhot (UK)ɔːlawʊput
uːtooʌcupɜːbirdəabout
eɪdayaɪmyɔɪboyaʊnow
əʊ / oʊgo (UK / US)ɪəneareəhairʊətour

Consonants that look unusual

θthinðthisʃsheʒmeasure
tʃchurchdʒjudgeŋsingjyes

p b t d k g f v s z h m n l r w sound as in ordinary English spelling.

Marks

  • ˈ main stress, before the stressed syllable: /ˈwɔːtə/ water · ˌ lighter (secondary) stress: /ˌʌndəˈstænd/ understand
  • ː a long vowel · (r) an r said only in accents that pronounce it (most American, Scottish, Irish)

Common word endings

  • -s / -es (plurals; he/she form of verbs): /s/ after voiceless sounds (cats), /z/ after voiced (dogs), /ɪz/ after s, z, sh, ch, j sounds (buses, watches). Spelling: -es after s, x, z, ch, sh; consonant + y → -ies (city → cities).
  • -ed (past): /t/ after voiceless sounds (walked), /d/ after voiced (played), /ɪd/ after t or d (wanted). Spelling: love → loved, stop → stopped, carry → carried.
  • -ing: make → making, run → running, see → seeing.
  • Irregular: go, went, gone · be, was, been · see, saw, seen · man → men · child → children · mouse → mice.
  • Older (King James) forms: -eth = -s (he loveth = he loves) · -est with “thou” (thou lovest) · spake = spoke.

English Dictionary · 107,383 entries · Sources & licences

clodhopper

UK /ˈklɒdˌhɒpə/ · US /ˈklɑdˌhɑpɚ/ noun

Forms clodhoppers

  1. noun A strong shoe for heavy-duty use; a boot.
  2. noun (US) Any shoe construed (within a particular context) as ungainly.
  3. noun (military slang) United States Navy ankle length work shoes, distinct from dress shoes or combat boots.
  4. noun (by extension) To refer to generally big feet or the foot of a clumsy person.
  5. noun (UK) A clumsy or foolish person.
  6. noun (historical, derogatory) A peasant or yokel (countryperson).
  7. noun (obsolete) A farmer or plowman.
  8. noun Wheatear: any of various passerine birds.

Synonyms

oaf bumpkin hick clodknocker brogan brogue work shoe

Etymology

Compound of clod + hopper (agentive form of the verb hop). Perhaps affected by analogy with grasshopper.
The term originated in the 17th century as a derogatory name for a farm laborer—someone who "hopped" (stomped) over "clods" of earth; attested in the sense of "peasant" since the seventeenth century; the extended sense of "boot" or "shoe" dates from the nineteenth century.
While originating in Britain, the term survives most strongly in Southern/Appalachian speech.

Webster’s 1913

  1. noun A rude, rustic fellow.

Sources: Wiktionary · WordNet 3.0 · Webster’s 1913 — from the Wiktionary entry “clodhopper”, CC BY-SA 4.0. Details