Klryz
Pronunciation guide: IPA symbols, stress and word endings

Vowels

iːseeɪsite / ɛbedæcat
ɑːfatherɒhot (UK)ɔːlawʊput
uːtooʌcupɜːbirdəabout
eɪdayaɪmyɔɪboyaʊnow
əʊ / oʊgo (UK / US)ɪəneareəhairʊətour

Consonants that look unusual

θthinðthisʃsheʒmeasure
tʃchurchdʒjudgeŋsingjyes

p b t d k g f v s z h m n l r w sound as in ordinary English spelling.

Marks

  • ˈ main stress, before the stressed syllable: /ˈwɔːtə/ water · ˌ lighter (secondary) stress: /ˌʌndəˈstænd/ understand
  • ː a long vowel · (r) an r said only in accents that pronounce it (most American, Scottish, Irish)

Common word endings

  • -s / -es (plurals; he/she form of verbs): /s/ after voiceless sounds (cats), /z/ after voiced (dogs), /ɪz/ after s, z, sh, ch, j sounds (buses, watches). Spelling: -es after s, x, z, ch, sh; consonant + y → -ies (city → cities).
  • -ed (past): /t/ after voiceless sounds (walked), /d/ after voiced (played), /ɪd/ after t or d (wanted). Spelling: love → loved, stop → stopped, carry → carried.
  • -ing: make → making, run → running, see → seeing.
  • Irregular: go, went, gone · be, was, been · see, saw, seen · man → men · child → children · mouse → mice.
  • Older (King James) forms: -eth = -s (he loveth = he loves) · -est with “thou” (thou lovest) · spake = spoke.

English Dictionary · 107,383 entries · Sources & licences

cowl

/kaʊl/ noun, verb, adjective

Forms cowls cowling cowled

  1. noun A monk's hood that can be pulled forward to cover the face; a robe with such a hood attached to it.
  2. noun A mask that covers the majority of the head.
  3. noun A thin protective covering over all or part of an engine; also cowling.
  4. noun A usually hood-shaped covering used to increase the draft of a chimney and prevent backflow.
  5. noun (nautical) A ship's ventilator with a bell-shaped top which can be swivelled to catch the wind and force it below.
  6. noun (nautical) A vertical projection of a ship's funnel that directs the smoke away from the bridge.
  7. noun (metonymic) A monk.
  8. verb To cover with, or as if with, a cowl (hood).
  9. verb To wrap or form (something made of fabric) like a cowl.
  10. verb (transitive) To make a monk of (a person).
  11. verb (Yorkshire) To scrape together
  12. noun (obsolete, UK) A vessel carried on a pole, a soe.
  13. noun A caul (the amnion which encloses the foetus before birth, especially that part of it which sometimes shrouds a baby’s head at birth).
  14. adjective (Mid-Ulster) cold

Synonyms

hood bonnet cowling

Etymology

From Middle English coule, from Old English cūle, from earlier cugele (“hood, cowl”), from Ecclesiastical Latin cuculla (“monk's cowl”), from Latin cucullus (“hood”), of uncertain origin. Doublet of cagoule.

From Middle English coul, covel, from Old French cuvel (“vat”), diminutive of cuve, from Latin cūpa (“tub, cask, tun, vat”).

See caul, probably altered due to semantic association (“something covering the head”).

Borrowed from Ulster Scots coul, from Middle English cold.

Webster’s 1913

  1. noun A monk's hood; --usually attached to the gown. The nname was also applied to the hood and garment together.
  2. noun A cowl-shaped cap, commonly turning with the wind, used to improve the draft of a chimney, ventilatingshaft, etc.
  3. noun A vessel carried on a pole between two persons, for conveyance of water. Johnson.

Etymology [AS cuhle, cugle, cugele; cf. dial. G. kogel, gugel, OF. coule, goule; all fr. LL. cuculla, cucullus, fr. L. cucullus cap, hood; perh. akin to celare to conceal, cella cell. Cf. Cucullate.]

Etymology [Cf. OF. cuvele, cuvel, dim. of F. cuve tub, vat, fr. L. cupa. See Cup.]

Sources: Wiktionary · WordNet 3.0 · Webster’s 1913 — from the Wiktionary entry “cowl”, CC BY-SA 4.0. Details