Klryz
Pronunciation guide: IPA symbols, stress and word endings

Vowels

iːseeɪsite / ɛbedæcat
ɑːfatherɒhot (UK)ɔːlawʊput
uːtooʌcupɜːbirdəabout
eɪdayaɪmyɔɪboyaʊnow
əʊ / oʊgo (UK / US)ɪəneareəhairʊətour

Consonants that look unusual

θthinðthisʃsheʒmeasure
tʃchurchdʒjudgeŋsingjyes

p b t d k g f v s z h m n l r w sound as in ordinary English spelling.

Marks

  • ˈ main stress, before the stressed syllable: /ˈwɔːtə/ water · ˌ lighter (secondary) stress: /ˌʌndəˈstænd/ understand
  • ː a long vowel · (r) an r said only in accents that pronounce it (most American, Scottish, Irish)

Common word endings

  • -s / -es (plurals; he/she form of verbs): /s/ after voiceless sounds (cats), /z/ after voiced (dogs), /ɪz/ after s, z, sh, ch, j sounds (buses, watches). Spelling: -es after s, x, z, ch, sh; consonant + y → -ies (city → cities).
  • -ed (past): /t/ after voiceless sounds (walked), /d/ after voiced (played), /ɪd/ after t or d (wanted). Spelling: love → loved, stop → stopped, carry → carried.
  • -ing: make → making, run → running, see → seeing.
  • Irregular: go, went, gone · be, was, been · see, saw, seen · man → men · child → children · mouse → mice.
  • Older (King James) forms: -eth = -s (he loveth = he loves) · -est with “thou” (thou lovest) · spake = spoke.

English Dictionary · 107,383 entries · Sources & licences

cultivation

/ˌkʌltɪˈveɪʃən/ noun

Forms cultivations

  1. noun Tillage: plowing, sowing and raising crops. “The cultivation of these valleys dates back thousands of years.”
  2. noun Light tillage: turning or stirring the soil, especially for weed control. “The cultivation of the hillside led to soil erosion.”
  3. noun The state of being cultivated or used for agriculture “These fields are in cultivation.”
  4. noun Devotion of time or attention to the improvement of (something) “His steadfast cultivation of their relationship finally bore fruit.”
  5. noun Advancement or refinement in physical, intellectual, or moral condition “She is a woman of great cultivation.”

Synonyms

refinement culture education tillage polish finish

Etymology

From Medieval Latin cultivātus, perfect passive participle of cultivō, + -ion, or Middle French cultivation. By surface analysis, cultivate + -ion.

Webster’s 1913

  1. noun The art or act of cultivating; improvement for agricultural purposes or by agricultural processes; tillage; production by tillage.
  2. noun Bestowal of time or attention for self-improvement or for the benefit of others; fostering care.

Etymology [Cf. F. cultivation.]

Sources: Wiktionary · WordNet 3.0 · Webster’s 1913 — from the Wiktionary entry “cultivation”, CC BY-SA 4.0. Details

Sanskrit

Sanskrit dictionary entries whose meaning includes “cultivation” (best matches first).

All 23 Sanskrit matches →