Klryz
Pronunciation guide: IPA symbols, stress and word endings

Vowels

iːseeɪsite / ɛbedæcat
ɑːfatherɒhot (UK)ɔːlawʊput
uːtooʌcupɜːbirdəabout
eɪdayaɪmyɔɪboyaʊnow
əʊ / oʊgo (UK / US)ɪəneareəhairʊətour

Consonants that look unusual

θthinðthisʃsheʒmeasure
tʃchurchdʒjudgeŋsingjyes

p b t d k g f v s z h m n l r w sound as in ordinary English spelling.

Marks

  • ˈ main stress, before the stressed syllable: /ˈwɔːtə/ water · ˌ lighter (secondary) stress: /ˌʌndəˈstænd/ understand
  • ː a long vowel · (r) an r said only in accents that pronounce it (most American, Scottish, Irish)

Common word endings

  • -s / -es (plurals; he/she form of verbs): /s/ after voiceless sounds (cats), /z/ after voiced (dogs), /ɪz/ after s, z, sh, ch, j sounds (buses, watches). Spelling: -es after s, x, z, ch, sh; consonant + y → -ies (city → cities).
  • -ed (past): /t/ after voiceless sounds (walked), /d/ after voiced (played), /ɪd/ after t or d (wanted). Spelling: love → loved, stop → stopped, carry → carried.
  • -ing: make → making, run → running, see → seeing.
  • Irregular: go, went, gone · be, was, been · see, saw, seen · man → men · child → children · mouse → mice.
  • Older (King James) forms: -eth = -s (he loveth = he loves) · -est with “thou” (thou lovest) · spake = spoke.

English Dictionary · 107,383 entries · Sources & licences

downward

UK /ˈdaʊnwəd/ · US /ˈdaʊnwɚd/ adverb, adjective

  1. adverb Toward a lower level, whether in physical space, in a hierarchy, or in amount or value. “His position in society moved ever downward.”
  2. adverb At a lower level.
  3. adverb Southward.
  4. adjective Moving, sloping or oriented down. “He spoke with a downward glance.”
  5. adjective Located at a lower level.

Synonyms

down downwards downwardly

Antonyms

up upwards upward

Etymology

From down + -ward.

Webster’s 1913

  1. adverb From a higher place to a lower; in a descending course; as, to tend, move, roll, look, or take root, downward or downwards. "Looking downwards." Pope.
  2. adverb From a higher to a lower condition; toward misery, humility, disgrace, or ruin.
  3. adjective Moving or extending from a higher to a lower place; tending toward the earth or its center, or toward a lower level; declivous.
  4. adjective Descending from a head, origin, or source; as, a downward line of descent.

Etymology [AS. ad. See Down, adv., and - ward.]

Sources: Wiktionary · WordNet 3.0 · Webster’s 1913 — from the Wiktionary entry “downward”, CC BY-SA 4.0. Details

Sanskrit

Sanskrit dictionary entries whose meaning includes “downward” (best matches first).

All 11 Sanskrit matches →