Klryz
Pronunciation guide: IPA symbols, stress and word endings

Vowels

iːseeɪsite / ɛbedæcat
ɑːfatherɒhot (UK)ɔːlawʊput
uːtooʌcupɜːbirdəabout
eɪdayaɪmyɔɪboyaʊnow
əʊ / oʊgo (UK / US)ɪəneareəhairʊətour

Consonants that look unusual

θthinðthisʃsheʒmeasure
tʃchurchdʒjudgeŋsingjyes

p b t d k g f v s z h m n l r w sound as in ordinary English spelling.

Marks

  • ˈ main stress, before the stressed syllable: /ˈwɔːtə/ water · ˌ lighter (secondary) stress: /ˌʌndəˈstænd/ understand
  • ː a long vowel · (r) an r said only in accents that pronounce it (most American, Scottish, Irish)

Common word endings

  • -s / -es (plurals; he/she form of verbs): /s/ after voiceless sounds (cats), /z/ after voiced (dogs), /ɪz/ after s, z, sh, ch, j sounds (buses, watches). Spelling: -es after s, x, z, ch, sh; consonant + y → -ies (city → cities).
  • -ed (past): /t/ after voiceless sounds (walked), /d/ after voiced (played), /ɪd/ after t or d (wanted). Spelling: love → loved, stop → stopped, carry → carried.
  • -ing: make → making, run → running, see → seeing.
  • Irregular: go, went, gone · be, was, been · see, saw, seen · man → men · child → children · mouse → mice.
  • Older (King James) forms: -eth = -s (he loveth = he loves) · -est with “thou” (thou lovest) · spake = spoke.

English Dictionary · 107,383 entries · Sources & licences

hardened

UK /ˈhɑːdn̩d/ · US /ˈhɑɹd(ə)nd/ adjective

Also a form of harden

Forms harden'd

  1. adjective Made physically hard. “hardened steel”
  2. adjective Having been accustomed or desensitized to something unpleasant through exposure or experience; inured. “hardened police officers”
  3. adjective Unfeeling; pitiless; callous. “The bloody scene could reduce even the most hardened soldier to tears.”
  4. adjective Firmly established in a behavior seen as bad; unlikely to change one's ways; inveterate. “hardened criminals”
  5. adjective (computing, military) Having extra defences against attack; highly fortified. “a hardened air base”

Synonyms

habituated toughened hard-bitten harsh severe brutal callous cold insensate hardhanded cold-eyed cruel dour thick-skinned flint-hearted forbidding frosty grim hard hard-boiled case-hardened tempered treated enured inured set

Antonyms

soft

Webster’s 1913

  1. adjective Made hard, or compact; made unfeeling or callous; made obstinate or obdurate; confirmed in error or vice.

Sources: Wiktionary · WordNet 3.0 · Webster’s 1913 — from the Wiktionary entry “hardened”, CC BY-SA 4.0. Details

Sanskrit

Sanskrit dictionary entries whose meaning includes “hardened” (best matches first).