Klryz
Pronunciation guide: IPA symbols, stress and word endings

Vowels

iːseeɪsite / ɛbedæcat
ɑːfatherɒhot (UK)ɔːlawʊput
uːtooʌcupɜːbirdəabout
eɪdayaɪmyɔɪboyaʊnow
əʊ / oʊgo (UK / US)ɪəneareəhairʊətour

Consonants that look unusual

θthinðthisʃsheʒmeasure
tʃchurchdʒjudgeŋsingjyes

p b t d k g f v s z h m n l r w sound as in ordinary English spelling.

Marks

  • ˈ main stress, before the stressed syllable: /ˈwɔːtə/ water · ˌ lighter (secondary) stress: /ˌʌndəˈstænd/ understand
  • ː a long vowel · (r) an r said only in accents that pronounce it (most American, Scottish, Irish)

Common word endings

  • -s / -es (plurals; he/she form of verbs): /s/ after voiceless sounds (cats), /z/ after voiced (dogs), /ɪz/ after s, z, sh, ch, j sounds (buses, watches). Spelling: -es after s, x, z, ch, sh; consonant + y → -ies (city → cities).
  • -ed (past): /t/ after voiceless sounds (walked), /d/ after voiced (played), /ɪd/ after t or d (wanted). Spelling: love → loved, stop → stopped, carry → carried.
  • -ing: make → making, run → running, see → seeing.
  • Irregular: go, went, gone · be, was, been · see, saw, seen · man → men · child → children · mouse → mice.
  • Older (King James) forms: -eth = -s (he loveth = he loves) · -est with “thou” (thou lovest) · spake = spoke.

English Dictionary · 107,383 entries · Sources & licences

hedgehog

/ˈhɛd͡ʒ.hɔɡ/ noun, verb

Forms hedgehogs hedgehogging hedgehogged

  1. noun A small mammal of the subfamily Erinaceinae, characterized by their spiny back and often by the habit of rolling up into a ball when attacked, native to Afro-Eurasia.
  2. noun (US) Any of several spiny mammals, such as the porcupine, that are similar to the hedgehog.
  3. noun (informal, military, historical) A spigot mortar-type of depth charge weapon from World War II that simultaneously fires a number of explosives into the water to create a pattern of underwater explosions intended to attack submerged submarines.
  4. noun (Australia) A type of chocolate cake (or slice), somewhat similar to an American brownie.
  5. noun A form of dredging machine.
  6. noun Medicago intertexta, the pods of which are armed with short spines.
  7. noun Retzia capensis of South Africa.
  8. noun The edible fungus Hydnum repandum.
  9. verb (military) To make use of a hedgehog barricade as a defensive maneuver.
  10. verb To array with spiky projections like the quills of a hedgehog.
  11. verb (ambitransitive) To curl up into a defensive ball.

Synonyms

urchin furze-pig fuzz-pig hedgepig hedgy-boar prickly-pig Erinaceus europaeus Calvary clover Calvary medick hedgehog medick sweet tooth wood hedgehog porcupine Erinaceus europeaeus

Antonyms

fox

Etymology

From Middle English heyghoge; equivalent to hedge + hog. Eclipsed non-native Middle English yrchoun, irchoun (“hedgehog”), from Old French hirchoun, herichon (“hedgehog”); and displaced earlier Middle English il, from Old English īl, iġil (“hedgehog”).
In the philosophical sense, from the 1953 essay The Hedgehog and the Fox by Isaiah Berlin.
Compare typologically Korean 고슴도치 (goseumdochi) (<<+ Middle Korean 돝 (twoth, “pig, swine”)).

Webster’s 1913

  1. noun A small European insectivore (Erinaceus Europæus), and other allied species of Asia and Africa, having the hair on the upper part of its body mixed with prickles or spines. It is able to roll itself into a ball so as to present the spines outwardly in every direction.
  2. noun The Canadian porcupine.[U.S]

Sources: Wiktionary · WordNet 3.0 · Webster’s 1913 — from the Wiktionary entry “hedgehog”, CC BY-SA 4.0. Details

Sanskrit

Sanskrit dictionary entries whose meaning includes “hedgehog” (best matches first).