Klryz
Pronunciation guide: IPA symbols, stress and word endings

Vowels

iːseeɪsite / ɛbedæcat
ɑːfatherɒhot (UK)ɔːlawʊput
uːtooʌcupɜːbirdəabout
eɪdayaɪmyɔɪboyaʊnow
əʊ / oʊgo (UK / US)ɪəneareəhairʊətour

Consonants that look unusual

θthinðthisʃsheʒmeasure
tʃchurchdʒjudgeŋsingjyes

p b t d k g f v s z h m n l r w sound as in ordinary English spelling.

Marks

  • ˈ main stress, before the stressed syllable: /ˈwɔːtə/ water · ˌ lighter (secondary) stress: /ˌʌndəˈstænd/ understand
  • ː a long vowel · (r) an r said only in accents that pronounce it (most American, Scottish, Irish)

Common word endings

  • -s / -es (plurals; he/she form of verbs): /s/ after voiceless sounds (cats), /z/ after voiced (dogs), /ɪz/ after s, z, sh, ch, j sounds (buses, watches). Spelling: -es after s, x, z, ch, sh; consonant + y → -ies (city → cities).
  • -ed (past): /t/ after voiceless sounds (walked), /d/ after voiced (played), /ɪd/ after t or d (wanted). Spelling: love → loved, stop → stopped, carry → carried.
  • -ing: make → making, run → running, see → seeing.
  • Irregular: go, went, gone · be, was, been · see, saw, seen · man → men · child → children · mouse → mice.
  • Older (King James) forms: -eth = -s (he loveth = he loves) · -est with “thou” (thou lovest) · spake = spoke.

English Dictionary · 107,383 entries · Sources & licences

hurdle

UK /ˈhɜːdl̩/ · US /ˈhɝd(ə)l/ noun, verb, proper noun

Forms hurdles hurdling hurdled

  1. noun (athletics, equestrianism) An artificial barrier, variously constructed, over which athletes or horses jump in a race. “He ran in the 100 metres hurdles.”
  2. noun (figuratively) An obstacle, real or perceived, physical or abstract.
  3. noun A movable frame of wattled twigs, osiers, or withes and stakes, or sometimes of iron, used for enclosing land, for folding sheep and cattle, for gates, etc.; also, in fortification, used as revetments, and for other purposes.
  4. noun (UK, historical) A sled or crate on which criminals were drawn to the place of execution.
  5. noun (chess) A piece that is jumped over by a hopper piece.
  6. verb To jump over something while running. “He hurdled the bench in his rush to get away.”
  7. verb To compete in the track and field events of hurdles (e.g. high hurdles).
  8. verb To overcome an obstacle.
  9. verb To hedge, cover, make, or enclose with hurdles.
  10. verb (chess, of a hopper piece) To jump over another piece without capturing it.
  11. proper noun A surname.

Synonyms

vault

Etymology

From Middle English hurdel, hirdel, herdel, hyrdel, from Old English hyrdel (“frame of intertwined twigs used as a temporary barrier”), diminutive of *hyrd, from Proto-Germanic *hurdiz, from Pre-Germanic *kr̥h₂tis, from Proto-Indo-European *kreh₂-. Cognate with Dutch horde, German Hürde.

Webster’s 1913

  1. noun A movable frame of wattled twigs, osiers, or withes and stakes, or sometimes of iron, used for inclosing land, for folding sheep and cattle, for gates, etc.; also, in fortification, used as revetments, and for other purposes.
  2. noun In England, a sled or crate on which criminals were formerly drawn to the place of execution. Bacon.
  3. verb To hedge, cover, make, or inclose with hurdles. Milton.

Etymology [OE. hurdel, hirdel, AS. hyrdel; akin to D. horde, OHG. hurt, G. hürde a hurdle, fold, pen, Icel. hur door, Goth. haúrds, L. cratis wickerwork, hurdle, Gr. k to spin, c to bind, connect. sq. root16. Cf. Crate, Grate, n.]

Sources: Wiktionary · WordNet 3.0 · Webster’s 1913 — from the Wiktionary entry “hurdle”, CC BY-SA 4.0. Details

Sanskrit

Sanskrit dictionary entries whose meaning includes “hurdle” (best matches first).