Klryz
Pronunciation guide: IPA symbols, stress and word endings

Vowels

iːseeɪsite / ɛbedæcat
ɑːfatherɒhot (UK)ɔːlawʊput
uːtooʌcupɜːbirdəabout
eɪdayaɪmyɔɪboyaʊnow
əʊ / oʊgo (UK / US)ɪəneareəhairʊətour

Consonants that look unusual

θthinðthisʃsheʒmeasure
tʃchurchdʒjudgeŋsingjyes

p b t d k g f v s z h m n l r w sound as in ordinary English spelling.

Marks

  • ˈ main stress, before the stressed syllable: /ˈwɔːtə/ water · ˌ lighter (secondary) stress: /ˌʌndəˈstænd/ understand
  • ː a long vowel · (r) an r said only in accents that pronounce it (most American, Scottish, Irish)

Common word endings

  • -s / -es (plurals; he/she form of verbs): /s/ after voiceless sounds (cats), /z/ after voiced (dogs), /ɪz/ after s, z, sh, ch, j sounds (buses, watches). Spelling: -es after s, x, z, ch, sh; consonant + y → -ies (city → cities).
  • -ed (past): /t/ after voiceless sounds (walked), /d/ after voiced (played), /ɪd/ after t or d (wanted). Spelling: love → loved, stop → stopped, carry → carried.
  • -ing: make → making, run → running, see → seeing.
  • Irregular: go, went, gone · be, was, been · see, saw, seen · man → men · child → children · mouse → mice.
  • Older (King James) forms: -eth = -s (he loveth = he loves) · -est with “thou” (thou lovest) · spake = spoke.

English Dictionary · 107,383 entries · Sources & licences

lah

/lɑː/ particle, proper noun

Forms lahs la lar

  1. particle Placed at the end of a sentence to accentuate the mood or attitude of the speaker. “Don’t do it lah, it’s not worth it.”
  2. particle Placed at the end of a sentence to convey reassurance or express solidarity. “You won’t drown one lah. The water is very shallow.”
  3. particle Indicates an attempt at expressing sympathy, conveying informality or sincerity, or establishing a rapport with the listener. “Just try your best lah, and don’t think too much about it.”
  4. particle Placed at the end of an assertive statement to express denial or dismissiveness. “— I don’t think you should be cutting corners, at least put in some effort and make it look legit. — They won’t care one lah... I don’t have all day...”
  5. particle Used after an assertive statement to reinforce its authoritativeness, or to show that the speaker is confident with what they are saying. “These shoes are too small lah.”
  6. particle Asserts that something is clear, obvious or straightforward. “Get a whiteboard marker and write over it lah.”
  7. particle Used to tone down an imperative sentence, so it sounds more like a request or suggestion.
  8. particle Indicates strong persuasion at the end of an imperative sentence. “Don’t waste your time there lah.”
  9. proper noun A locality in the Shire of Yarriambiack, north western Victoria, Australia.

Synonyms

lor la

Etymology

From Malay lah, Hokkien 啦 (--la) and Cantonese 啦 (laa¹). Doublet of la in colloquial Hong Kong English.
Lim (2007) lists multiple sources:
* Bazaar Malay, for its use as a particle of emphasis (akin to Malay lah), and the senses expressing commands, invitations and "solidarity, familiarity [and] informality".
* Hokkien 啦 (--la), which indicates finality, completion and confirmation-seeking, as well as "emphasis, persuasiveness, dismissiveness [and] listing".
* Cantonese 啦 (laa¹), expressing a "general lack of definiteness or forcefulness", and for its role in softening commands.

An anglicised spelling of la.

Sources: Wiktionary · WordNet 3.0 — from the Wiktionary entry “lah”, CC BY-SA 4.0. Details