Klryz
Pronunciation guide: IPA symbols, stress and word endings

Vowels

iːseeɪsite / ɛbedæcat
ɑːfatherɒhot (UK)ɔːlawʊput
uːtooʌcupɜːbirdəabout
eɪdayaɪmyɔɪboyaʊnow
əʊ / oʊgo (UK / US)ɪəneareəhairʊətour

Consonants that look unusual

θthinðthisʃsheʒmeasure
tʃchurchdʒjudgeŋsingjyes

p b t d k g f v s z h m n l r w sound as in ordinary English spelling.

Marks

  • ˈ main stress, before the stressed syllable: /ˈwɔːtə/ water · ˌ lighter (secondary) stress: /ˌʌndəˈstænd/ understand
  • ː a long vowel · (r) an r said only in accents that pronounce it (most American, Scottish, Irish)

Common word endings

  • -s / -es (plurals; he/she form of verbs): /s/ after voiceless sounds (cats), /z/ after voiced (dogs), /ɪz/ after s, z, sh, ch, j sounds (buses, watches). Spelling: -es after s, x, z, ch, sh; consonant + y → -ies (city → cities).
  • -ed (past): /t/ after voiceless sounds (walked), /d/ after voiced (played), /ɪd/ after t or d (wanted). Spelling: love → loved, stop → stopped, carry → carried.
  • -ing: make → making, run → running, see → seeing.
  • Irregular: go, went, gone · be, was, been · see, saw, seen · man → men · child → children · mouse → mice.
  • Older (King James) forms: -eth = -s (he loveth = he loves) · -est with “thou” (thou lovest) · spake = spoke.

English Dictionary · 107,383 entries · Sources & licences

abrupt

/əˈbɹʌpt/ adjective, verb, noun

Forms abrupter abruptest abrupts abrupting abrupted

  1. adjective (obsolete, rare) Broken away (from restraint).
  2. adjective Without notice to prepare the mind for the event; sudden; hasty; unceremonious. “The party came to an abrupt end when the parents of our host arrived.”
  3. adjective Curt in manner.
  4. adjective Having sudden transitions from one subject or state to another; unconnected; disjointed.
  5. adjective (obsolete) Broken off.
  6. adjective Extremely steep or craggy as if broken up; precipitous.
  7. adjective (botany) Suddenly terminating, as if cut off; truncate.
  8. verb (transitive, archaic) To tear off or asunder.
  9. verb To interrupt suddenly.
  10. noun (poetic) Something which is abrupt; an abyss.

Synonyms

sudden disconnected unexpected brusque rude uncivil impolite terse brisk blunt broken rough rugged precipitous sharp

Etymology

First attested in 1583. Borrowed from Latin abruptus (“broken off”), perfect passive participle of abrumpō (“break off”), formed from ab (“from, away from”) + rumpō (“to break”).

Webster’s 1913

  1. adjective Broken off; very steep, or craggy, as rocks, precipices, banks; precipitous; steep; as, abrupt places. "Tumbling through ricks abrupt," Thomson.
  2. adjective Without notice to prepare the mind for the event; sudden; hasty; unceremonious. "The cause of your abrupt departure." Shak.
  3. noun An abrupt place. [Poetic]
  4. verb To tear off or asunder. [Obs.] "Till death abrupts them." Sir T. Browne.

Etymology [L. abruptus, p. p. of abrumpere to break off; ab + rumpere to break. See Rupture.]

Etymology [L. abruptum.]

Sources: Wiktionary · WordNet 3.0 · Webster’s 1913 — from the Wiktionary entry “abrupt”, CC BY-SA 4.0. Details

Sanskrit

Sanskrit dictionary entries whose meaning includes “abrupt” (best matches first).