Klryz
Pronunciation guide: IPA symbols, stress and word endings

Vowels

iːseeɪsite / ɛbedæcat
ɑːfatherɒhot (UK)ɔːlawʊput
uːtooʌcupɜːbirdəabout
eɪdayaɪmyɔɪboyaʊnow
əʊ / oʊgo (UK / US)ɪəneareəhairʊətour

Consonants that look unusual

θthinðthisʃsheʒmeasure
tʃchurchdʒjudgeŋsingjyes

p b t d k g f v s z h m n l r w sound as in ordinary English spelling.

Marks

  • ˈ main stress, before the stressed syllable: /ˈwɔːtə/ water · ˌ lighter (secondary) stress: /ˌʌndəˈstænd/ understand
  • ː a long vowel · (r) an r said only in accents that pronounce it (most American, Scottish, Irish)

Common word endings

  • -s / -es (plurals; he/she form of verbs): /s/ after voiceless sounds (cats), /z/ after voiced (dogs), /ɪz/ after s, z, sh, ch, j sounds (buses, watches). Spelling: -es after s, x, z, ch, sh; consonant + y → -ies (city → cities).
  • -ed (past): /t/ after voiceless sounds (walked), /d/ after voiced (played), /ɪd/ after t or d (wanted). Spelling: love → loved, stop → stopped, carry → carried.
  • -ing: make → making, run → running, see → seeing.
  • Irregular: go, went, gone · be, was, been · see, saw, seen · man → men · child → children · mouse → mice.
  • Older (King James) forms: -eth = -s (he loveth = he loves) · -est with “thou” (thou lovest) · spake = spoke.

English Dictionary · 107,383 entries · Sources & licences

ruse

UK /ɹuːz/ · US /ɹuz/ noun, verb, proper noun

Forms ruses rusing rused Rousse Rouse

  1. noun (countable, often hunting, archaic, rare) A turning or doubling back, especially of animals to get out of the way of hunting dogs.
  2. noun (countable, by extension) An action intended to deceive; a trick.
  3. noun (uncountable) Cunning, guile, trickery.
  4. verb (intransitive) To deceive or trick using a ruse.
  5. verb (intransitive, hunting, archaic, rare) Of an animal: to turn or double back to elude hunters or their hunting dogs.
  6. proper noun A suburb of Sydney in the Campbelltown council area, New South Wales, Australia.
  7. proper noun A city in northeastern Bulgaria.
  8. proper noun A municipality of Ruse Province, Bulgaria.
  9. proper noun A province in Bulgaria.
  10. proper noun A surname.
  11. proper noun A suburb in the City of Campbelltown, near Sydney, New South Wales, Australia, named after James Ruse.

Synonyms

ploy stratagem artifice

Etymology

From Middle English rūse (“evasive movements of a pursued animal; circuitous course taken by a hunter to pursue a game animal”), from Old French rëuse, ruse (“evasive movements of a pursued animal; trickery”) (modern French ruse (“trick, ruse; cunning, guile”)), from ruser (“to use cunning, to be crafty, beguile”), possibly from Latin rursus (“backward; on the contrary; again, in return”) or Latin recūsāre, from recūsō (“to decline, refuse; to object to, protest, reject”). Doublet of recuse and rouse in the latter case.
The verb is derived from the noun. Compare Middle French ruser (“to use cunning, to be crafty, beguile”); see further above.

* As an English surname, variant of Rouse, Rowse.
* As a German surname, variant of Reuss, Reusse.
* As a Czech surname, Americanized from Rus (“Russian”).

Webster’s 1913

  1. noun An artifice; trick; stratagem; wile; fraund; deceit. Ruse de guerre ( Etym: [F.], a stratagem of war.

Etymology [F., fr. OF. reüser, rehuser, to turn aside, to shuffle, retreat, fr. L. recusare to refuse; pref. re- again + causa cause. See Cause, and cf. Recusant.]

Sources: Wiktionary · Webster’s 1913 — from the Wiktionary entry “ruse”, CC BY-SA 4.0. Details