rouse
/ɹaʊz/ verb, noun, adjective, proper noun
Also a form of ruse
Forms rouses rousing roused rousest rousedst rouseth rouze rowse
- verb To cause (something) to be (more) active or to move; to agitate, to stir up.
- verb To stir (a liquid, especially (brewing) beer in the brewing process).
- verb To provoke (someone) to react (for example, in anger or annoyance); to spur; also, to annoy, to tease.
- verb Originally chiefly followed by up: to cause (an emotional reaction, a feeling, etc.); to excite, to incite, to stir up. “to rouse the emotions or passions”
- verb Sometimes followed by up: to disturb (someone) from a state of apathy, comfort, etc.
- verb Sometimes followed by up: to wake (oneself or someone) from deep thought, or rest or sleep; to awaken.
- verb (also figurative) To lift up or raise (someone; or something, especially the head).
- verb Sometimes followed by up: to cause (oneself) to be active or alert; to incite, to stir; also, to cause (oneself) to carry out a task, take action, etc.
- noun An act of causing something to be (more) active or to move; a shakeup, a stir; also (chiefly US), a commotion, a disturbance.
- noun (falconry) Chiefly of a hawk: an act of shaking the feathers.
- noun (Canada, UK, military) Often in the form Rouse and preceded by the: the sounding of a call, usually on the bugle in the morning after reveille, to signal that soldiers are to rise from bed; also, the reveille.
- noun A full or large cup or glass of an alcoholic beverage, especially when drunk as a toast; a bumper. “to give a rouse to take one’s rouse”
- noun A social gathering at which alcoholic beverages are drunk; a drinking bout or party; a carousal.
- verb (intransitive, Australia, New Zealand, informal) Followed by at, on, etc.: to criticize severely; to tell off. “He roused on her for being late yet again.”
- verb (transitive, originally Scotland) To sprinkle salt on (fish, especially herring) in the process of curing; to salt.
- adjective (obsolete) Used as an epithet for a person: having red hair; red-haired, redheaded.
- verb (transitive) To cause (something) to rest or settle.
- verb (intransitive) To rest or settle.
- proper noun A surname.
- proper noun A census-designated place in Stanislaus County, California, United States.
Synonyms
inflame set off affront aggravate anger antagonize awrath burn up cheese off cross embitter envenom gall get get to honk off incense infuriate madden make angry bestir rout out drive out force out agitate turn on charge commove excite charge up
Etymology
The verb is derived from Late Middle English rousen (“of a hawk: to shake its feathers”); further etymology unknown. Because many terms of French origin are used in falconry, it has been assumed that the Middle English word is derived from Anglo-Norman or French; however, no satisfactory etymon has been found. The following words have been suggested, but are thought by the Oxford English Dictionary to be unlikely due to the differences in meaning:
* Anglo-Norman rëuser, roser, ruser, russer, Middle French ruser, and Old French rëuser (“to drive back, repulse”) (modern French ruser).
* An Old Norse word from which Danish ruse (“to hurry, rush”) and Swedish rusa (“to hurry, rush”) are derived.
Compare row (“quarrel”), possibly related to or derived from this word.
The noun is derived from the verb.
Probably from carouse (“(obsolete) of drinking a cup of an alcoholic beverage: to the bottom”, adverb), from a rebracketing of the phrase drink carouse as drink a rouse. Carouse is derived from German gar aus (“all out”), as in gar-aus trinken (“to drink all out; to drink to the bottom”).
Origin uncertain, possibly a variant of one of the following:
* From rouse (“to provoke (someone) to react (for example, in anger or annoyance); to cause (an emotional reaction, a feeling, etc.); and other senses”) (see etymology 1; and compare Scots rouse (“to become agitated, enraged, or excited, to grow angry”)).
* From roust (“(Scotland, archaic) to roar, shout”), from Scots roust, rowst (“to roar, shout”), possibly related to Old Norse raust (“voice”, noun).
An aphetic form of arrouse (“(obsolete) to sprinkle (something) with water or some other liquid; of a river, sea, etc.: to provide (land) with water”), from Late Middle English arouse, arrouse, arowse, arrowse, from Anglo-Norman arouser, aruser, Middle French arouser, arrouser, and Old French aroser (“to sprinkle (something) with water or some other liquid; to make (something) wet, soak”) (modern French arroser), from Late Latin *arrosare, from Latin arrōrāre, adrōrāre, the present active infinitives of arrōrō, adrōrō (“to bedew; to besprinkle, moisten”), from ad- (prefix meaning ‘to, towards’) + rōrō (“to be moist; to drip, trickle”). Rōrō is derived from rōr- (the oblique stem of rōs (“dew; moisture”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₁rṓs (“dew; liquid, moisture”), possibly from *h₁ers- (“to flow”)) + -ō (suffix forming regular first-conjugation verbs). Compare Scots rouse (“to sprinkle salt on (fish) in the process of curing; to sprinkle water on (something)”).
Webster’s 1913
- verb To pull or haul strongly and all together, as upon a rope, without the assistance of mechanical appliances.
- noun A bumper in honor of a toast or health. [Obs.] Shak.
- noun A carousal; a festival; a drinking frolic.
- verb To cause to start from a covert or lurking place; as, to rouse a deer or other animal of the chase.
Etymology [Perhaps the same word as rouse to start up, "buckle to."]
Etymology [Cf. D. roes drunkeness, icel. r, Sw. rus, G. rauchen, and also E. rouse, v.t., rush, v.i. Cf. Row a disturbance.]
Sources: Wiktionary · WordNet 3.0 · Webster’s 1913 — from the Wiktionary entry “rouse”, CC BY-SA 4.0. Details