Klryz
Pronunciation guide: IPA symbols, stress and word endings

Vowels

iːseeɪsite / ɛbedæcat
ɑːfatherɒhot (UK)ɔːlawʊput
uːtooʌcupɜːbirdəabout
eɪdayaɪmyɔɪboyaʊnow
əʊ / oʊgo (UK / US)ɪəneareəhairʊətour

Consonants that look unusual

θthinðthisʃsheʒmeasure
tʃchurchdʒjudgeŋsingjyes

p b t d k g f v s z h m n l r w sound as in ordinary English spelling.

Marks

  • ˈ main stress, before the stressed syllable: /ˈwɔːtə/ water · ˌ lighter (secondary) stress: /ˌʌndəˈstænd/ understand
  • ː a long vowel · (r) an r said only in accents that pronounce it (most American, Scottish, Irish)

Common word endings

  • -s / -es (plurals; he/she form of verbs): /s/ after voiceless sounds (cats), /z/ after voiced (dogs), /ɪz/ after s, z, sh, ch, j sounds (buses, watches). Spelling: -es after s, x, z, ch, sh; consonant + y → -ies (city → cities).
  • -ed (past): /t/ after voiceless sounds (walked), /d/ after voiced (played), /ɪd/ after t or d (wanted). Spelling: love → loved, stop → stopped, carry → carried.
  • -ing: make → making, run → running, see → seeing.
  • Irregular: go, went, gone · be, was, been · see, saw, seen · man → men · child → children · mouse → mice.
  • Older (King James) forms: -eth = -s (he loveth = he loves) · -est with “thou” (thou lovest) · spake = spoke.

English Dictionary · 107,383 entries · Sources & licences

shut down

verb

Forms shuts down shutting down

  1. verb (transitive) To close, terminate, or end; to stop operating, either permanently or temporarily. “The store was shut down at the end of the year.”
  2. verb (ergative) To turn off or stop. “It's a good idea to shut down the machine before you leave.”
  3. verb (intransitive or transitive) To stop offering a service, such as a bar; to perform the necessary tasks to stop a service or close a function. “The restaurant shuts down at two o'clock in the morning.”
  4. verb (intransitive, dated, of a night) To become dark. “Once the night shut down, I couldn't see my way home.”
  5. verb (figurative, transitive) To suppress, block out, or reject something. “She made a proposal to reorganize the department, but management shut her down.”
  6. verb (transitive) To render (something) ineffective. “We shut down the other team's strategy.”
  7. verb (figuratively, intransitive) To emotionally withdraw into oneself as a defense mechanism; to block out external stressors. “I can't talk to him about the accident; he just shuts down anytime I try.”
  8. verb (slang, auto racing, car culture) To pass (another vehicle), especially quickly. “I opened that throttle and shut him down.”

Synonyms

close down power down power off shut off turn off wind down close up close fold

Sources: Wiktionary · WordNet 3.0 — from the Wiktionary entry “shut down”, CC BY-SA 4.0. Details