Klryz
Pronunciation guide: IPA symbols, stress and word endings

Vowels

iːseeɪsite / ɛbedæcat
ɑːfatherɒhot (UK)ɔːlawʊput
uːtooʌcupɜːbirdəabout
eɪdayaɪmyɔɪboyaʊnow
əʊ / oʊgo (UK / US)ɪəneareəhairʊətour

Consonants that look unusual

θthinðthisʃsheʒmeasure
tʃchurchdʒjudgeŋsingjyes

p b t d k g f v s z h m n l r w sound as in ordinary English spelling.

Marks

  • ˈ main stress, before the stressed syllable: /ˈwɔːtə/ water · ˌ lighter (secondary) stress: /ˌʌndəˈstænd/ understand
  • ː a long vowel · (r) an r said only in accents that pronounce it (most American, Scottish, Irish)

Common word endings

  • -s / -es (plurals; he/she form of verbs): /s/ after voiceless sounds (cats), /z/ after voiced (dogs), /ɪz/ after s, z, sh, ch, j sounds (buses, watches). Spelling: -es after s, x, z, ch, sh; consonant + y → -ies (city → cities).
  • -ed (past): /t/ after voiceless sounds (walked), /d/ after voiced (played), /ɪd/ after t or d (wanted). Spelling: love → loved, stop → stopped, carry → carried.
  • -ing: make → making, run → running, see → seeing.
  • Irregular: go, went, gone · be, was, been · see, saw, seen · man → men · child → children · mouse → mice.
  • Older (King James) forms: -eth = -s (he loveth = he loves) · -est with “thou” (thou lovest) · spake = spoke.

English Dictionary · 107,383 entries · Sources & licences

stickle

/ˈstɪk(ə)l/ noun, adjective, verb, proper noun

Forms stickles stickling stickled

  1. noun A sharp point; prickle; a spine
  2. adjective Steep; high; inaccessible.
  3. adjective (UK, dialect) High, as the water of a river; swollen; sweeping; rapid.
  4. noun A shallow rapid in a river.
  5. noun The current below a waterfall.
  6. verb (obsolete) To act as referee or arbiter; to mediate.
  7. verb (now rare) To argue or struggle for.
  8. verb To raise objections; to argue stubbornly, especially over minor or trivial matters.
  9. verb (transitive, obsolete) To separate, as combatants; hence, to quiet, to appease, as disputants.
  10. verb (transitive, obsolete) To intervene in; to stop, or put an end to, by intervening.
  11. verb (intransitive, obsolete) To separate combatants by intervening.
  12. verb (intransitive, obsolete) To contend, contest, or altercate, especially in a pertinacious manner on insufficient grounds.
  13. proper noun A surname.

Etymology

From Middle English *stikel, *stykyl (in compounds), from Old English sticel (“a prickle, sting, goad”), from Proto-Germanic *stiklaz, *stikilaz (“sting, stinger, peak, cup, goblet”), related to the verb *stikaną (“to stick”). Cognate with Dutch stekel, Icelandic stikill, Gothic 𐍃𐍄𐌹𐌺𐌻𐍃 (stikls) (whence Russian стекло́ (stekló, “glass”), Polish szkło (“glass”), Lithuanian sti̇̀klas, Romanian sticlă).

From Middle English stikel, from Old English sticel, sticol (“high, lofty, steep, reaching great heights, inaccessible”), from Proto-Germanic *stikulaz, *stikkulaz (“high, steep”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)teyg- (“to stick; peak”).

From a variant of stightle (“to order, arrange, direct”), from Middle English stightelen, stiȝtlen, stihilen, stihlen, equivalent to stight (“to order, rule, govern”) + -le (frequentative suffix).
For the development of /təl/ to /kəl/, compare huckleberry and dialectal turkle (“turtle”).

From the German surname, Americanized from Stickel.

Webster’s 1913

  1. verb To separate combatants by intervening. [Obs.]
  2. verb To contend, contest, or altercate, esp. in a pertinacious manner on insufficient grounds.
  3. verb To separate, as combatants; hence, to quiet, to appease, as disputants. [Obs.]
  4. verb To intervene in; to stop, or put an end to, by intervening; hence, to arbitrate. [Obs.]

Etymology [Probably fr. OE. stightlen, sti, to dispose, arrange, govern, freq. of stihten, AS. stihtan: cf. G. stiften to found, to establish.]

Etymology [Cf. stick, v. t. & i.]

Sources: Wiktionary · Webster’s 1913 — from the Wiktionary entry “stickle”, CC BY-SA 4.0. Details