Klryz
Pronunciation guide: IPA symbols, stress and word endings

Vowels

iːseeɪsite / ɛbedæcat
ɑːfatherɒhot (UK)ɔːlawʊput
uːtooʌcupɜːbirdəabout
eɪdayaɪmyɔɪboyaʊnow
əʊ / oʊgo (UK / US)ɪəneareəhairʊətour

Consonants that look unusual

θthinðthisʃsheʒmeasure
tʃchurchdʒjudgeŋsingjyes

p b t d k g f v s z h m n l r w sound as in ordinary English spelling.

Marks

  • ˈ main stress, before the stressed syllable: /ˈwɔːtə/ water · ˌ lighter (secondary) stress: /ˌʌndəˈstænd/ understand
  • ː a long vowel · (r) an r said only in accents that pronounce it (most American, Scottish, Irish)

Common word endings

  • -s / -es (plurals; he/she form of verbs): /s/ after voiceless sounds (cats), /z/ after voiced (dogs), /ɪz/ after s, z, sh, ch, j sounds (buses, watches). Spelling: -es after s, x, z, ch, sh; consonant + y → -ies (city → cities).
  • -ed (past): /t/ after voiceless sounds (walked), /d/ after voiced (played), /ɪd/ after t or d (wanted). Spelling: love → loved, stop → stopped, carry → carried.
  • -ing: make → making, run → running, see → seeing.
  • Irregular: go, went, gone · be, was, been · see, saw, seen · man → men · child → children · mouse → mice.
  • Older (King James) forms: -eth = -s (he loveth = he loves) · -est with “thou” (thou lovest) · spake = spoke.

English Dictionary · 107,383 entries · Sources & licences

sullen

/ˈsʌlən/ adjective, noun, verb

Forms sullener sullenest sullens sullening sullened

  1. adjective Having a brooding ill temper; sulky.
  2. adjective Gloomy; dismal; foreboding. “a sullen atmosphere”
  3. adjective Sluggish; slow.
  4. adjective (obsolete) Mischievous; malignant; unpropitious.
  5. adjective (obsolete) Obstinate; intractable.
  6. noun (archaic) One who is solitary, or lives alone; a hermit.
  7. noun (in the plural) Sullen feelings or manners; sulks; moroseness.
  8. verb (obsolete) To make sullen.

Synonyms

sulky morose broody forlorn melancholy cheerless comfortless bleak dark depressing desolate dire disconsolate dismal doleful dolesome drear drearisome dreary dreich dour glowering glum moody saturnine sour heavy lowering threatening

Antonyms

cheerful content lighthearted pleased

Etymology

From Middle English soleyn, from Anglo-Norman soleyn (“alone”), from Old French sole (“single, sole, alone”), from Latin sōlus (“by oneself alone”). The change in meaning from "single" to morose occurred in Middle English.

Webster’s 1913

  1. adjective Lonely; solitary; desolate. [Obs.] Wyclif (Job iii. 14).
  2. adjective Gloomy; dismal; foreboding. Milton.
  3. noun One who is solitary, or lives alone; a hermit. [Obs.] Piers Plowman.
  4. noun pl.

Etymology [OE. solein, solain, lonely, sullen; through Old French fr. (assumed) LL. solanus solitary, fr. L. solus alone. See Sole, a.]

Sources: Wiktionary · WordNet 3.0 · Webster’s 1913 — from the Wiktionary entry “sullen”, CC BY-SA 4.0. Details

Sanskrit

Sanskrit dictionary entries whose meaning includes “sullen” (best matches first).